Hi, since COVID-19 forced everyone to dig up old webcams, I thought I'd share 
my "universal" workaround (sorry it's a clunky one):
Step 1 (one time): sudo apt install v4l2loopback-utils
Step 2 (redo after reboot): sudo modprobe v4l2loopback devices=1 
exclusive_caps=1
Step 3 (before starting a video call): ffmpeg -vsync 2 -f v4l2 -i /dev/video0 
-pix_fmt yuv420p -f v4l2 /dev/video1

Notes:
* In the above Step 3, /dev/video0 is the "problematic" webcam and /dev/video1 
the newly created loopback device. You can check which is which with 'v4l2-ctl 
--list-devices' (after installing v4l2-ctl with 'sudo apt install v4l-utils')
* I recommend letting ffmpeg run in an open terminal during the video call, and 
stopping it with CTRL-C when finished (so that the webcam can power down and 
the CPU is not unnecessarily loaded)
* What all this does: simply spoken, the problem is that some old webcams 
expose nonstandard parameters/controls to the software, and not all programs 
can deal with that. This solution makes a "virtual webcam" with bog-standard 
properties. The ffmpeg command streams the output from the real webcam to the 
virtual webcam.
* For higher resolution webcams, it may be necessary to add a -s 640x480 or -s 
1280x720 or something along those lines to the ffmpeg command. Carefully, 
because the order of the flags matters.
* To use the virtual device in cheese (and possibly other older programs), I 
believe you still need v4l1compat.so (which solves a different, independent 
problem).

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1765058

Title:
  Regression: 046d:08da Logitech, Inc. QuickCam Messanger not detected
  in Bionic

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