Validated using multipass and installing HWE kernel with the following
script:


test script:

#!/bin/bash
set -x

cat > setup_proposed_and_overlay_root.sh <<EOF
#/bin/bash            
# Install updated cloud-utils and overlayroot pkgs from proposed                
                                          
mirror=http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu                                         
echo deb \$mirror xenial-proposed main | tee 
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/proposed.list
apt-get update
apt-get install -qy overlayroot cloud-utils | egrep 'cloud-utils|overlayroot'
# Request that root use overlayroot=tmpfs
echo overlayroot=tmpfs | sudo tee -a /etc/overlayroot.local.conf
EOF


expect_overlayfs_mounts(){
  expected_mounts=$1
  overlay_mounts=$(multipass exec $VM mount | grep overlay -c)
  [[ "$expected_mounts" = "$overlay_mounts" ]] && echo "SUCCESS: found 
$overlay_mounts overlay mounts" || echo "FAILURE: expected $expected_mounts 
overlay mounts found $overlay_mounts"
  
}
VM=sru-1493188
RELEASE=xenial
multipass launch daily:$RELEASE -n $VM
expect_overlayfs_mounts 0
multipass exec $VM -- cloud-init status --wait --long > /dev/null
multipass transfer setup_proposed_and_overlay_root.sh $VM:.
multipass exec $VM -- sudo bash ./setup_proposed_and_overlay_root.sh
multipass restart $VM
sleep 15
echo "--- still expect 0 overlayfs mounts because not using HWE kernel"
multipass exec $VM -- cloud-init status --wait --long
expect_overlayfs_mounts 0
echo "--- Install HWE kernel"
multipass exec $VM -- sudo apt-get install --install-recommends 
linux-generic-hwe-16.04  -y | grep linux-image
multipass restart $VM
sleep 15
expect_overlayfs_mounts 1
exit 0


=== Verification output on xenial ====

+ cat
+ VM=sru-1493188
+ RELEASE=xenial
+ multipass launch daily:xenial -n sru-1493188
Launched: sru-1493188                                                           
+ expect_overlayfs_mounts 0                                                     
+ expected_mounts=0
++ multipass exec sru-1493188 mount
++ grep overlay -c
+ overlay_mounts=0
+ [[ 0 = \0 ]]
+ echo 'SUCCESS: found 0 overlay mounts'
SUCCESS: found 0 overlay mounts
+ multipass exec sru-1493188 -- cloud-init status --wait --long
+ multipass transfer setup_proposed_and_overlay_root.sh sru-1493188:.
+ multipass exec sru-1493188 -- sudo bash ./setup_proposed_and_overlay_root.sh
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-proposed main
Hit:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease [109 kB]
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports InRelease [107 kB]
Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-proposed InRelease [260 kB]
Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 Packages [7,532 kB]
Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe Translation-en [4,354 kB]
Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/multiverse amd64 Packages [144 kB]
Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/multiverse Translation-en [106 kB]
Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 Packages 
[1,880 kB]
Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe amd64 Packages 
[1,195 kB]
Get:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe Translation-en 
[349 kB]
Get:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/multiverse amd64 
Packages [23.0 kB]
Get:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/multiverse 
Translation-en [8,632 B]
Get:14 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main amd64 Packages 
[9,812 B]
Get:15 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main Translation-en 
[4,456 B]
Get:16 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/universe amd64 
Packages [11.3 kB]
Get:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/universe 
Translation-en [4,476 B]
Get:18 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-proposed/main amd64 Packages 
[80.1 kB]
Get:19 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-proposed/main Translation-en 
[21.9 kB]
Get:20 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease [109 kB]
Get:21 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe amd64 
Packages [774 kB]
Get:22 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe 
Translation-en [219 kB]
Get:23 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse amd64 
Packages [8,236 B]
Get:24 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse 
Translation-en [2,888 B]
Fetched 17.3 MB in 8s (2,059 kB/s)                                             
Reading package lists... Done
overlayroot is already the newest version (0.27ubuntu1.6).
  cloud-utils-euca shunit2 wodim cdrkit-doc debootstrap bsd-mailx | mailx
  cloud-image-utils cloud-utils distro-info genisoimage libaio1
Get:18 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-proposed/main amd64 cloud-utils 
all 0.27-0ubuntu25.2 [1,514 B]
Selecting previously unselected package cloud-utils.
Preparing to unpack .../cloud-utils_0.27-0ubuntu25.2_all.deb ...
Unpacking cloud-utils (0.27-0ubuntu25.2) ...
Setting up cloud-utils (0.27-0ubuntu25.2) ...
overlayroot=tmpfs
+ multipass restart sru-1493188
+ sleep 15                                                                      
+ echo '--- still expect 0 overlayfs mounts because not using HWE kernel'
--- still expect 0 overlayfs mounts because not using HWE kernel
+ multipass exec sru-1493188 -- cloud-init status --wait --long
^[^[
status: done
time: Fri, 06 Nov 2020 22:44:59 +0000
detail:
DataSourceNoCloud [seed=/dev/sr0][dsmode=net]
+ expect_overlayfs_mounts 0
+ expected_mounts=0
++ multipass exec sru-1493188 mount
++ grep overlay -c
+ overlay_mounts=1
+ [[ 0 = \1 ]]
+ echo 'FAILURE: expected 0 overlay mounts found 1'
FAILURE: expected 0 overlay mounts found 1
+ echo '--- Install HWE kernel'
--- Install HWE kernel
+ multipass exec sru-1493188 -- sudo apt-get install --install-recommends 
linux-generic-hwe-16.04 -y
+ grep linux-image
  linux-image-4.15.0-122-generic linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04
  linux-headers-generic-hwe-16.04 linux-image-4.15.0-122-generic
  linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04 linux-modules-4.15.0-122-generic
Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 
linux-image-4.15.0-122-generic amd64 4.15.0-122.124~16.04.1 [7,996 kB]
Get:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 
linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04 amd64 4.15.0.122.122 [2,386 B]
debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Dialog
debconf: (Dialog frontend will not work on a dumb terminal, an emacs shell 
buffer, or without a controlling terminal.)
debconf: falling back to frontend: Readline
debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Readline
debconf: (This frontend requires a controlling tty.)
debconf: falling back to frontend: Teletype
dpkg-preconfigure: unable to re-open stdin: 
Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-4.15.0-122-generic.
Preparing to unpack 
.../linux-image-4.15.0-122-generic_4.15.0-122.124~16.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-image-4.15.0-122-generic (4.15.0-122.124~16.04.1) ...
No apport report written because the error message indicates a disk full error
Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04.
Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04_4.15.0.122.122_amd64.deb 
...
Unpacking linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04 (4.15.0.122.122) ...
No apport report written because the error message indicates a disk full error
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
+ multipass restart sru-1493188
+ sleep 15                                                                      
+ expect_overlayfs_mounts 1
+ expected_mounts=1
++ multipass exec sru-1493188 mount
++ grep overlay -c
+ overlay_mounts=1
+ [[ 1 = \1 ]]
+ echo 'SUCCESS: found 1 overlay mounts'
SUCCESS: found 1 overlay mounts
+ exit 0

** Tags removed: verification-needed verification-needed-xenial
** Tags added: verification-done verification-done-xenial

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1493188

Title:
  "overlayfs" no longer exists

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