It doesn't matter whether you store your personal data on the partition
where the OS is located, or elsewhere.   Either way, you may need to
know how to run e2fsck on the file system if you want to try to
maximally recover data.   If you don't know what you are doing, sure, go
ahead and run fsck -y.   But there is the chance you may lose data that
you might have been able to recover if you had more skills.

Note that in the case that you referenced, the kernel had already
detected some kind of file system inconsistency.   That is the source of
the "/dev/sda1 contains a file system with errors, checked force".
This should not happen, unless there is some kind of hardware bug, or
kernel bug which has led to the file system getting corrupted.   This
could be caused by flaky/low-quality/failing memory, or flaky/low-
quality/failing HDD or SSD.   An expert would have to look at the kernel
logs for hints to see what might have gone wrong.

If the user has regularly been doing backups, then sure, maybe you don't
care they can just run "fsck -y".    But I don't want to give that
advice, only to hear that some graduate student had ten years worth of
thesis research, and it wasn't backed up, and they were using the lowest
possible cost HDD or SSD that was not reliably storing their data.
Sometimes, the best thing to do for low-comptency users, is for them to
ask for help, maybe at a local Linux User's Group, so that an expert can
try help them out.    There is no magic incantation, no kind of "Hocus
Pocus" magic set of instructions that will always do the right thing.
And to give "low competency users" instructions which might not be the
best thing is ultimately, IMHO, going to doing them a grave disservice.

P.S.  One could argue that a graduate student who has ten years of
research on cheap sh*t storage and who hasn't been doing their backups
doesn't deserve to graduate with a Ph.D.   But that's not a very
charitable attitude....

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1939238

Title:
  UNEXPECTED INCONSISTENCY; RUN fsck MANUALLY.

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