FYI this is a spin off from
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/glusterfs/+bug/1905360

It is also related to the same seen in libvirt:
https://listman.redhat.com/archives/libvir-list/2020-August/msg00921.html

I have resolved it in those and others.
The TL;DR is that Ubuntu has kept this in glibc for years (was default 
disabled, but we kept it for compatibility) and now finally upstream removed it 
which causes this bumpy ride.

Still within impish we have
ii  libc6:amd64     2.34-0ubuntu2 amd64        GNU C Library: Shared libraries
ii  libtirpc3:amd64 1.3.2-2       amd64        transport-independent RPC library

And the example symbol that Dominique referred (as well as others that I
hit in my other cases) are present in both but gladly properly versioned
differently:

root@i:~# eu-readelf -a /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 | grep xdr_void | grep 
GLOBAL
  191: 000000000016da90     10 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT       16 
xdr_void@GLIBC_2.2.5
root@i:~# eu-readelf -a /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtirpc.so.3.0.0 | grep xdr_void 
| grep GLOBAL
  306: 0000000000013e70     10 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT       15 
xdr_void@@TIRPC_0.3.0


You can just look at the linking step by keeping interim files:
$ gcc -v -o testxdr -save-temps=obj -I/usr/include/tirpc -L 
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu -ltirpc testxdr.c

Then you can re-run just the linking step and inspect the .o
$ /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/11/collect2 -plugin 
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/11/liblto_plugin.so 
-plugin-opt=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/11/lto-wrapper 
-plugin-opt=-fresolution=testxdr.res -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc 
-plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_s -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lc 
-plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_s --build-id 
--eh-frame-hdr -m elf_x86_64 --hash-style=gnu --as-needed -dynamic-linker 
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 -pie -z now -z relro -o testxdr 
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/11/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o 
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/11/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crti.o 
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/11/crtbeginS.o -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu 
-L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/11 
-L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/11/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu 
-L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/11/../../../../lib -L/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu 
-L/lib/../lib -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu -L/usr/lib/../lib 
-L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/11/../../.. -ltirpc testxdr.o -lgcc 
--push-state --as-needed -lgcc_s --pop-state -lc -lgcc --push-state --as-needed 
-lgcc_s --pop-state /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/11/crtendS.o 
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/11/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crtn.o

$ eu-readelf -a testxdr.o | grep xdr_void
  0x0000000000000009  X86_64_PLT32    000000000000000000      -4 xdr_void
    4: 0000000000000000      0 NOTYPE  GLOBAL DEFAULT    UNDEF xdr_void
  [    10]  xdr_void


I'd expect/want to see (maybe only after linking) something like:
  149: 0000000000000000      0 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT    UNDEF 
xdr_uint64_t@TIRPC_0.3.0 (13)


I've checked the other successful builds that properly link against libtirpc 
now.
They all specify the target lib explicitly at build time.

In the short time I had I couldn't find where they pick it up, but this
makes your test-build work fine:

$ gcc -o testxdr -I/usr/include/tirpc -L /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
-ltirpc testxdr.c /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtirpc.so

^^ works
And now also we have the proper linkage from 0.3.0
$ eu-readelf -a testxdr | grep xdr_void
  0x0000000000003fd0  X86_64_JUMP_SLOT 000000000000000000      +0 xdr_void
    4: 0000000000000000      0 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT    UNDEF 
xdr_void@TIRPC_0.3.0 (3)
   28: 0000000000000000      0 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT    UNDEF 
xdr_void@TIRPC_0.3.0
  [   174]  xdr_void@TIRPC_0.3.0
  [    46]  xdr_void

** Changed in: libtirpc (Ubuntu)
       Status: New => Confirmed

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1923361

Title:
  unable to link xdr functions with groovy and hirsute

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