I finally found the real problem - it is clearly stated in the
[syslog](https://launchpadlibrarian.net/569529666/UbiquitySyslog.txt)
(now we know how useful is to read logs!!!):

```
Nov 18 08:32:16 xubuntu ubiquity: chroot: failed to run command ‘tempfile’  <-- 
this
Nov 18 08:32:16 xubuntu ubiquity: : No such file or directory
```

Previous Ubuntu 20211105 has this `/bin/tempfile` executable in place, it came 
from `debianutils` package with version 4.11.2build1 . See search result from 
Impish ( 
https://packages.ubuntu.com/search?searchon=contents&keywords=tempfile&mode=exactfilename&suite=impish&arch=any
 ) .
But the modern 5.5-1 version from the newest image do not provide the 
`/bin/tempfile` executable, so it is missed. It is actually bug 1951742 .

So the temporary fix is the following:

1. Launch ISO (tested on Ubuntu MATE 20211120)
2. Start it in Try… mode
3. Launch Ubiquity installer
4. Wait for appearing of "Who are you?" page
5. Open terminal with <Ctrl>+<Alt>+<T> to download previous version of 
`debianutils` and copy /bin/tempfile to /target/usr/bin directory by

    wget 
http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/d/debianutils/debianutils_4.11.2_amd64.deb
    sudo apt-get install --allow-downgrades -y ./debianutils_4.11.2_amd64.deb
    sudo mkdir -p /target/usr/bin
    sudo cp -v /bin/tempfile /target/usr/bin/

6. Return to Ubiquity window and finish the installation.
7. Enjoy installed system.

-- 
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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1951399

Title:
  Ubuntu, Budgie, Kubuntu, Kylin, MATE, Xubuntu: jammy daily fails to
  install

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