OK I found the problem. I always did run the VM without using the Host
IO cache, because that ext4 cache might cause an inconsistency during a
crash, say one of the 2 to 10 powerfails we have each day in the
Caribbean. Besides it is cashing first in the page/ext4 cache and later
again in L1ARC.  

In 2.4.1 it seem to use direct IO, if you don't use the Host IO cache
and direct IO is not cached anymore in L1ARC in 2.4.1.
So I enabled all Host IO caches and now L1ARC is filled every 5 seconds
with normal writes from the IO cached in the page/ext4 cache. 

My work has been:
The on-line description are very vague. I've reinstalled Ubuntu 24.04
with kernel 6.17 and OpenZFS 2.2. and that worked like expected. The
L1ARC was filled fast.

Then I installed OpenZFS 2.4.1 on Ubuntu 24.04 and kernel 6.17 and
again the L1ARC refused to fill. It did not exceed 0.28 GiB.

I went back to Ubuntu 26.04; Kernel 7.0. and OpenZFS 2.4.1 and tried to
find a reason why VBox IO did not fill the L1ARC. Somebody mentioned
the system uses direct IO, if you do not use the page/ext4 cache on the
Host. And direct IO seems to be excluded from L1ARC in 2.4.1. 

I tried to enable the Host IO cache with 2 - 3 VMs and the L1ARC has
now 4.55 GiB.
Problem Solved, however these type of serious effects of changes need
to be mentioned in the release bulletins of Ubuntu 26.04 and OpenZFS
2.4.1.

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/2150255

Title:
  OpenZFS 2.4.1 performance L2ARC collapsed completely

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