For now I have added the host to `/etc/hosts`: The DNS resolution error
is gone, but now the connection itself fails:

https:400 URI Failure
Transient-Failure: true
FailReason: Timeout
Message: Verbindung mit packages.XXX.de:https nicht möglich:
URI: https://packages.XXX.de/XXX-core/ubuntu/dists/noble/Release

To me this looks like the problem is the `Transient-Failure: true`: APT then 
does not terminate as it still hopes, that the transient error will go away and 
the `http[s]` sub-process will then be able to succeed.
But as this has been the last try, the queue is now empty and APT will hang 
indefinitely.

Since 2021 there's the APT option `--error-on=any` to turn _transient_ errors 
into fatal errors; see
https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=594813https://salsa.debian.org/apt-team/apt/-/commit/c7123bea6a8dc2c9e327ce41ddfc25e29f1bb145

I'll try `APT::Update::Error-Mode "any";` next. TBC…

** Bug watch added: Debian Bug tracker #594813
   https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=594813

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/2139418

Title:
  apt-get update stalls infinitely if DNS resolution fails

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