Public bug reported:

Binary package hint: file

The file(1) manpage says: "In addition file will look in
$HOME/.magic.mgc, or $HOME/.magic for magic entries."
Alas, using a ~/.magic prevents fallback to the global file, hence
using one causes file to report almost all files (eg, .gz or .zip) as
"data". "in addition" does not work.

Reproduce using
echo > $HOME/.magic '0  leshort         0x521c          COFF DSP21k'

OTOH, /etc/magic is used in addition to /usr/share/file/magic.

Normal output would be for instance:
Zip archive data
Zip archive data, at least v2.0 to extract
gzip compressed data, was "unlzx.c", from Unix, last modified: Tue Apr  3 
08:28:24 2001, max compression

As a result, a user cannot write local additions to particular file
formats. Only global definitions (which root needs to write) work.

Using
Description:    Ubuntu 8.04.1
Release:        8.04
Package:       file-4.21-3ubuntu1

** Affects: file (Ubuntu)
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: New

-- 
file ~/.magic prevents using /usr/share/file/magic
https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/259851
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