I had a similar problem. After upgrading to Xubuntu 17.04, the mouse was too fast but settings had no effects. I solved this problem with xinput. See comments in this bug report (may be a duplicate):
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/unity-control- center/+bug/1683145 -- You received this bug notification because you are a member of Ubuntu-X, which is subscribed to xorg in Ubuntu. https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1682193 Title: Mouse acceleration significantly reduced after upgrade to 17.04 To manage notifications about this bug go to: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xorg/+bug/1682193/+subscriptions _______________________________________________ Mailing list: https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-x-swat Post to : ubuntu-x-swat@lists.launchpad.net Unsubscribe : https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-x-swat More help : https://help.launchpad.net/ListHelp