--- Begin Message ---
Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)
Northern Uganda spiralling out of control?
In the past month, the LRA violence has been escalating in Northern Uganda,
worsening an already dire humanitarian situation and paralyzing further,
the social and economic livelihood of the affected population. Since the
cessation of the temporary ceasefire on 18th April 2003, the LRA attacks
and violence seem to have been on an upward trend amid claims that they
have been receiving fresh and continuous supplies of ammunitions, drugs and
uniforms since late 2002. As a result, the people of the Acholi sub-region
have been plunged into a deep sense of helplessness. Various initiatives
by northern Uganda religious leaders, traditional leaders and peace
building organizations have been undertaken for over a decade now, and yet
the conflict continues to persist. Many organizations are calling for some
international intervention, with the hope that this may improve the
situation in the Acholi sub-region. At a reflection workshop on the
conflict and peace prospects in the region, held in Gulu, 18-20 June, the
delegates issued a statement highlighting yet again the plight of the
people of northern Uganda and urging for more action to end the war. Fifty
delegates from Uganda and South Sudan including religious leaders, the
paramount chief of Acholi and women representing different religions and
peace-building organizations participated. Some of the key points of the
statement are highlighted below:
International humanitarian assistance was noted and appreciated but a
call was made for more attention by the international community as well
as the international media agencies.
They also expressed appreciation for the various peace-making attempts
by local organizations and support their continuation. However, it was
noted that involvement of the international community would be critical
to end this war, as was the case in several African countries, including
the Sudan.
They sounded a strong appeal to the UN Security Council to address the
issue of conflict in northern Uganda so that all necessary measures
would be put in place for the protection of civilians and to bring about
an end to the 17 year old conflict.
An appeal was made to various international bodies, heads of diplomatic
missions in Uganda, East African Union, African Union, European Union,
IGAD, Arab League to support the proposal for establishing a
comprehensive peace for northern Uganda.
In another bid to show the suffering of the people of northern Uganda to
the world, religious leaders in Gulu slept out in the cold for four days,
22-25 June, in solidarity with the children and other "night commuters" in
Gulu town. Scores of people, particularly children in the three districts
of Gulu, Kitgum and Pader flock to the towns every night to seek safety
from LRA attacks and abductions. Four main action points of the religious
leaders are:
An appeal to government to secure and protect children so that their
suffering will end.
An appeal to the LRA leader, Joseph Kony, to stop abducting children.
Appeal to the world to intervene as they have done in many parts of
Africa like in Liberia, DR Congo and Sierra Leone. The international
community was urged not to stop at humanitarian assistance, but go
further to protect the children.
A show of solidarity with the suffering children, and other people in
northern Uganda who have suffered as a result of the insurgency in the
region.
Furthermore, Archbishop John Baptist Odama a member of the Acholi Religious
Leaders Peace Initiative (ARLPI) and also chairperson of the Oduru Kuc
committee has launched an impassioned plea to the international community,
19th June, to intervene to stop the 17-year conflict in Northern Uganda.
Oduru Kuc, which means "peace club", is a new body comprising local,
national, and international organisations working to try to rekindle peace
talks between the LRA rebels and the Ugandan government. The Bishop is
quoted as saying that he will keep trying to bring peace in northern
Uganda, "We've been crying, we've been shouting, we've tried everything to
get people to listen, and we hear nothing in return. Do they really mind
about what is happening in the north at all?"
Meanwhile, on 19th June the UPDF released 21 child recruits for
demobilization, with support from UNICEF. The release follows a screening
exercise jointly carried out by UPDF, UNICEF and UN-OCHA in May, at a
Fourth Division training ground at Lugore, north of Gulu. The UPDF is
reported to have endorsed all recommendations by UNICEF, which was given
full access to view facilities and recruits. Following the findings of the
joint team, UNICEF recommended that the recruits whose age could not be
documented and appeared young, be demobilized until their ages could be
ascertained and documented. The agency found no evidence of forced
recruitment and does not believe that UPDF has any deliberate policy of
recruiting children. It is noted, "children may find their way into the
ranks of the UPDF, reflecting the difficult socioeconomic circumstances
that the children find themselves in". UNICEF expressed its willingness to
continue supporting and cooperating with UPDF in its efforts to fully
implement the Convention on the Rights of the Child Optional Protocol on
Children in Armed Conflict. Uganda has ratified this Protocol with a
'straight eighteen' policy, where it undertook not to recruit persons
under the age of eighteen to its armed forces.
The heightened level of violence notwithstanding, humanitarian actors are
trying their best to improve the lives of people in northern Uganda. At the
beginning of June 2003, World Vision began a six-month project to improve
the educational facilities of displaced school children in Gulu district.
The project which is funded by the New Zealand Government, targets 17,131
school-going children. 48 improved temporary classrooms at Layibi Central,
Olya, Gulu Mordern and Lacor primary schools are expected to be constructed
and furnished. 35 latrine stances at two beneficiary schools (Lacor and
Gulu prison schools) will be constructed, two 10,000-litre water tanks will
be connected to three beneficiary schools to supply water to a hand-washing
facility erected close to the pit latrines and disinfectants (100 litres of
Jyez) will be provided.
UNICEF reports that most schools in the affected sub-counties of Kitgum
(Namukora, Madi Opei, Kitgum Matidi, Lukung and Palabek Kal, Mucwini and
Omiya Nyima) have been closed, leaving only one to two schools operating in
each sub-county. Many of the students in the closed schools have moved to
the few schools that are operationg, creating an urgent need for additional
classroom space. Education statistics in Gulu district show that in the 15
schools/sites where 35 primary schools have been displaced, the pupil
population has increased from 14,339 to 30,135 thus doubling the pupil
classroom and latrine ratios. The pupil to classroom ratio has increased
from 112:1 to 234:1 whilst the pupil to latrine stance ratio has similarly
increased from 62:1 to 129:1. Meanwhile safe water coverage based on
existing boreholes in the host schools is only able to serve about 12% of
the pupils compared to 24% before the displacement. UNICEF plans to
support the construction of temporary classrooms (one block of 7 classrooms
each) at 11 of the sites proposed by the district as having the most urgent
needs for such structures. In addition to this, UNICEF will also support
the construction of 10 stance latrines at each of these sites and further
discuss possibilities of providing support to improve safe water
availability in the host schools in liaison with the district authorities.
In Gulu, UNICEF has supported approximately 5,000 'night commuters' in the
municipality through provision of three tents, 35 latrines, 3,000 blankets
and funds for construction of 20 temporary shelters and fencing through
their main implementing partners, Noah's Ark and Lacor hospital. In June,
it delivered non-food items (NFIs) to Gulu which included 20 crest
latrines, 1,000 blankets, 1,000 mattresses, 5,000 jerrycans, 1,000 basins,
1,000 plastic cups/mugs and 1,000 plastic plates, therapeutic milk and
biscuits and weighing scales. The NFIs have been distributed through
Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) and World Vision (WV) to five sites for
night commuters, therapeutic feeding centers (TFCs) and health centres.
In Kitgum district, the LRA carried out several attacks in the sub-counties
of Namukora, Madi Opei, Kitgum Matidi, Lukung and Palabek Kal, Mucwini and
Omiya Nyima. In Madi Opei alone it was reported that there had been
consistent attacks by the rebels since 12th May 2003, four of which were
major attacks. This resulted in death of 11 people, displacement of about
1810 households, burning of several huts in addition to destruction of
property. The persistent attacks by the rebels have led to major
displacements in the sub-county of Lagoro, where virtually the whole
sub-county has been displaced into Kitgum Matidi sub-county. It is
estimated that over 10,000 persons have been displaced out of a total
population of 13,335 persons in Lagoro sub-county, while in Mucwini, it is
estimated that up to 5,000 people have been displaced due to this wave of
insecurity. Access to the sub-counties is extremely limited, as most roads
are considered insecure. Many more people are now displaced into Kitgum
town, and more night commuters have been recorded at St. Joseph Hospital,
Kitgum hospital, Ministry of works, Water Department and Kitgum Public
School. A 2nd June head count in Kalongo, Kitgum Hospital and the Kitgum
District Local council put the number of nights commuters in Kitgum town at
8,624.
Other humanitarian organisations that braved the insecurity to make a
difference in the lives of the suffering people of northern Uganda include
NRC, ACF, OXFAM, CARE, AVSI, Uganda Red Cross Society, ACORD, ACET and WFP.
However, humanitarian access continues to be severely limited for
humanitarian agencies/organisations and this restriction is worsened by
land mine threat.
Some incidents in June
The incidents are in no way representative of the number or ferocity of
attacks in the region or the resultant humanitarian situation. They perhaps
give an indication of the desperate situation the people of northern Uganda
live with each day.
- 31st May/1st June - an LRA attack in Omiya Nyima sub-county left an
estimated 400 huts burnt and approximately 2,000 persons homeless.
- 4th June - an attempted ambush on a WFP convoy in Kitgum Matidi
- 4th June - 13 IDPs were reportedly hacked to death in Pabbo camp in Gulu
- 4th June - 7 people were reportedly killed in two separate LRA attacks in
Gulu and Apac
- 16th June - An LRA attack on Anaka camp in Gulu left 383 huts razed and
1638 people without shelter or property
- 18th June: 12 refugees were abducted by suspected LRA from Adjumani this
morning
- 20th June: Suspected LRA snipers reportedly killed three UPDF soldiers
between Kamdini and Lira in Apac district.
- 21st June: at about 4:00 pm LRA rebels attacked Atanga [Lacek-Ocot] about
40 km on Gulu-Kitgum road in Pader district. Two people were reportedly
killed during the raid and over 100 huts were burnt, including the a UPDF
detachment.
- 22nd June: an unknown number of LRA rebels tried to attack Gulu town from
the northern part. They came as close as 1km from the town center but was
repulsed by UPDF. Reports from Gulu indicate that the intention of the
rebels was to abduct the children who had been released from the UPDF
training ground.
- 22nd June: LRA rebels abducted 20 people from the area of Layibi-Custom
Corner [2 km east of Gulu town].
- 28th June - LRA raided Bibia camp and 8 people were reportedly killed.
The UPDF spokesman confirmed the attack but said only one person was
killed.
- 30th June - An ambush at Lira Palwo which left two people dead
- 1st July - Reports from Gulu indicated that during the night of 30th
June, LRA rebels abducted about 50 people aged between 13-30 years from
Lajwa-tek village in Koro division, 5 km south of Gulu town. One UPDF
soldier was also killed. The UPDF spokesman confirmed the raid but said
only one person - a wife to the UPDF soldier was abducted.
- 1st July - an ambush at Kalongo
A detailed chronology of incidents (May 15th to June 30th ) from the ARLPI
newsletter is attached as a separate document to the update.
LRA attacks spread to Teso sub-region
Meanwhile, in the third week of June, the LRA expanded its area of attack,
with incidents in Adjumani, Katakwi, Soroti and Kaberamaido districts.
While a general feeling of calm was beginning to return by end of June, the
security situation still remains extremely uncertain beyond a four-mile
radius of the town. The UPDF foot and motorized patrols in the heart of
Soroti town, while reassuring on the one hand, are also an indication that
the situation could change abruptly. Reports of a strong LRA presence
especially in Wera (20 Kms from Soroti town), Usuk County, Amuria, and
Kapelebyong and throughout most of Katakwi district continued to trickle in
even as June came to an end. The roads leading northwards towards Moroto
and Katakwi remained largely inaccessible and as a result, apart from
theUganda Red Cross, traffic along these routes has greatly dwindled.
Since the attacks in Teso sub-region which began with the 15th June attack
in Obalanga, the Director Generals of the External and Internal Security
Organizations, the Army Commander and Third Division Commander have all
visited Soroti in quick succession. A scaled-up UPDF deployment of troops
as well as armoured personnel carriers and helicopter gunships followed
these visits. A "mop-up team" is reported to have swept through most of the
Soroti municipality area by 26th June 2003. Co-opting former fighters of
the defeated rebel Uganda Peoples Army (UPA), ex- policemen and prisons
warders into the war effort is another part of the security response. An
unspecified number of former rebels and ex-servicemen, many of whom had
settled into new trades (including farming and running bicycle taxi
services (boda-boda)), are said to have been deployed. Despite, the
security response, however, by the end of June, the rebels were still
reported to be operational in neighbouring Katakwi district and might still
have smaller bands in the vicinity of Soroti municipality.
Other than possible LRA ambushes, the huge stock of both anti-tank and
anti-personnel mines which the rebels are said to have in their possession
will pose a major direct threat on the roads. In the last two weeks, two
vehicles were hit by anti-tank land mines and last week two boys were
killed by an anti-personnel mines on the said routes. Furthermore,
security officials in the district hinted that the rebel group does not
seem to have a good idea of the geography of the Teso sub-region. This
could pose perhaps the biggest security threat given that the small groups
could possibly pop-up unexpectedly in areas thought to be relatively
secure.
The attacks in Teso - Katakwi, Kaberamaido and Soroti - have caused a wave
of displacement into Soroti Municipality estimated at 17,000. This does not
take into consideration the fresh displacement in Katakwi, which has, since
the attacks, been largely inaccessible. It is projected the displacement
could be as high as 25,000 in Soroti alone, if the insecurity persists.
Meanwhile, the needs of the IDP for food, health, water and sanitation
needs, among others, have need to be met urgently. Various agencies,
including the Red Cross, Concern Worldwide, Global Harvest, WFP, SOCADIDO,
Ministry of Health, WHO and individuals have provided a range of items for
the IDPs. On 30th June 2003, ActionAid Katakwi carried out a rapid
assessment in seven sites in Katakwi (others were not accessible). The team
estimated between 15,000-20,000 freshly displaced people in Katakwi
district, although accurate figures are expected to be available when all
camps/sites are accessible and registration is done.. The primary needs
identified in order of priority were food, health, water, sanitation,
blankets, shelter, mosquito nets, clothing and security.
For a detailed report of the Soroti assessment mission (25-27 June), please
contact Gerald Owachi in OCHA on [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Short Notes
DRC refugees resettle in Kyaka II
On June 11th , less than a week after the exercise began, UNHCR completed
its resettlement programme for Congolese refugees who had fled violence in
Ituri District, eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), into
Uganda's Bundibugyo District. The UNHCR completed the resettlement less
than a week after the programme began.
Out of the 11,000 people who the UNHCR had estimated were displaced into
Bundibugyo, bordering southern Ituri, 97 agreed to move to the Kyaka II
refugee camp for relief aid. Those who remained in Bundibugyo had made
their own arrangements because they had family and/or friends, were
business people and could afford to rent accommodation or preferred staying
close to the border waiting to return to Ituri when the situation
stabilizes.
Assessment of DRC refugees in Nebbi
Following the recent influx of Congolese nationals fleeing fighting in the
Ituri region into the West Nile region of Uganda, UN OCHA led an assessment
team which comprised of Oxfam GB, Action Aid Uganda, World Vision, Caritas
Nebbi, Coopi Bunia, Uganda Red Cross Society (Nebbi Branch volunteers) and
Foundation for Human Rights Initiative (FHRI).
Though the current refugee influx into the district followed the withdrawal
of the UPDF from the DRC at the end of April 2003, by September 2002,
Congolese civilians fleeing the conflict had started entering Nebbi. This
pattern of displacement follows traditional mechanisms developed to cope
with internal security problems in Eastern DRC. As such the District is
somewhat used to receiving Congolese refugees from time to time and has
developed strategies for managing such incursions (acceptance of refugees
within households and communities rather than establishment of refugee
camps).
The major findings are summarized as follows:
By June 12, organisations on the ground and Nebbi district authorities
estimated that there were a total of 2,886 refugees in three counties in
Nebbi. The above figure doesn't include about 3,000-4,000 people
estimated to have been displaced by the June 10 raid on Nyoka village in
Mahagi by Lendu militiamen.
The district needs to do more in the registration of refugees
The prices of food and cost of housing have gradually risen over the
last 5 months
There are groups that need immediate assistance across the district.
Security along the border was very thin, most especially in Zeu
sub-country
There is a great need for HIV/AIDs education.
Authorities in Zeu claim that rival businessmen trying to take control
of the timber trade could create further inter-tribal tensions.
There was need to clarify the Government's position on provision of
basic humanitarian assistance to refugees who do not wish to relocate
camps.
There is a very urgent need for interventions in: security, health,
AIDS/HIV awareness, water and sanitation, education, shelter materials,
clothing and blankets, cooking utensils and other non-food-items (NFIs)
like soap.
Uganda faces yellow fever threat
Following the confirmation of yellow fever (YF) outbreak in Imotong Payam
in Torit County, Southern Sudan, a regional meeting was held in Nairobi,
19th June, to discuss the significant risk that this outbreak poses for
southern Sudan, northern Uganda and parts of Kenya. The main objective of
the meeting was to craft a regional approach in responding the epidemic in
Southern Sudan, and discuss the potential spread of the disease to northern
Uganda.
The key issues highlighted included the following:-
Serious concern was expressed at the high risk of the Yellow Fever
epidemic spreading to northern Uganda, where approximately 1 million
persons are living in IDP camps.
Concerns about the spread of the disease emanated from the fact that the
site of the initial outbreak, the Imatong Hills in southern Sudan, is
only about 40-50 km from northern Uganda, indicating a huge possibility
of the disease spilling into Uganda.
The constant movement of both the UPDF and LRA back and fourth the
borderline and in Torit County meant that this category could possibly
be a vector.
This would be exacerbated by the lack of formal border points to monitor
movements and act as surveillance or vaccination posts.
The constant movement of IDPs and overcrowding of their camps in
northern Uganda could aggravate disease spread. Moreover such camps are
often inaccessible due to insecurity and have very limited - if any -
health structures. Similarly concern stemmed from the fact that the
constant movement of populations into town centres at night (nights
commuters) could increase the potential for inward spread of the
disease.
It was observed that the Government of Uganda and WHO had formed a
National Task Force to address the outbreak. The Task force had
developed materials for information dissemination and to raise awareness
on the disease. However, the response plan could not be rolled out due
to lack of funds and WHO is currently trying to raise funds.
The above concerns generated the following specific recommendations:
That the UPDF, especially those in "Operation Iron Fist" be vaccinated.
Preventative vaccination is carried out where possible among the night
commuters in Kitgum and Gulu (many of whom are children) and in
accessible IDP camps.
Funding: ECHO Nairobi indicated that, if necessary, they could ask their
Ugandan partners to reallocate funds to tackle the potential Yellow
Fever outbreak. The funds, which were reserved to tackle a possible
Ebola outbreak, could easily be transferred for the Yellow Fever
response.|
Coordination, Information Exchange and Contingency Planning be
encouraged to ensure effective response.
The use of radio or other media is explored for information and
education campaigns.
For the full report of the West Nile assessment and further information on
the Yellow Fever response contact OCHA through Gerald Owachi on
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
| | | | Affected |
| | | |Populations |
| | | |(superscript|
| | | | : 1) |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
| District | Beneficiary Type | 31/04/03 | Trend |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
|Adjumani |Refugees (Su) | 61,116| UP |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
|Apac |Abducted children | 193| SAME |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
|Arua |Refugees |[<br>]15,980| [<br>]UP |
| |- Imvepi (Su) | 25,616| UP |
| |- Rhino Camp | | |
| |(Su,DRC,Br) | | |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
|Bundibugyo |IDPs | 8000| ** |
| |Abducted children | 205| SAME |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
|Gulu |IDPs | 395,000| ** |
| |Abducted children | 5,029| SAME |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
|Hoima |Refugees (DRC, Su, |[<br>]16,562| [<br>]UP |
| |Ky,Br) | | |
| |- Kyangwali | | |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
|Kabarole |Refugees | [<br>]3,686| [<br>]UP |
|Kyenjojo |- Kyaka II (DRC) | 302| SAME |
| |Abducted children | | |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
|Kasese |Abducted children | 785| SAME |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
|Katakwi |IDPs | 45,774+| -- |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
|Kitgum |IDPs - Kitgum | 99,228| ** |
| |Pader | 241,000| ** |
| |Abducted children | 4,166| SAME |
| |Drought Affected | 30,000| UP |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
|Kotido |Drought Affected | 372,000| UP |
| |IDPs | 4600| UP |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
|Lira |Abducted children | 430| SAME |
| |IDPs | 47,333+| UP |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
|Mbarara |Refugees | [<br>]4,210| [<br>]UP |
| |- Oruchinga (Rw ) | 14,728| DOWN |
| |- Nakivale | | |
| |(Rw,DRC,other) | | |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
|Masindi |Refugees |[<br>]30,043| [<br>]DOWN |
| |- Kiryandongo (Su) | | |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
|Moroto |Drought Affected | 97,200| UP |
|Nakapiripirit|Drought affected | 77,600| UP |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
|Moyo |Refugees (Su) |[<br>]31,077| [<br>]UP |
| |- Palorinya | | |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
|Urban areas |Refugees (mix) | 149| SAME |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
| |Refugees | 203,167| UP |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
| |IDPs | 840,935+| UP |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
| |Abducted children | 11,110| SAME |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
| |Drought Affected | 576,800| UP |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
| |Total | 1,.632,012+| UP |
|-------------+----------------------+------------+------------|
(superscript: 1) Affected population figures are of variable accuracy due
to rapidly changing situation as well as the varying quality of information
sources. Inclusion in this list does not necessarily indicate the
population is receiving humanitarian assistance.. Note too that IDP camp
populations reflect the population assisted by WFP (does not include
unassisted population figures). Abbrev. are Sudanese (Su), Democratic
Republic of Congo (DRC), Rwanda, (Rw), Burundi (Br), Kenyan (Ky).
Note. The population figures are as of end of April 2003, while the IDP
figures are WFP working figures. Those figures for Gulu, Kitgum and Pader
do not reflect the displaced people or "night commuters" in the towns. The
displacement in Teso region - Katakwi and Soroti is not reflected in the
above table due to the fact that figures are still rough estimates, as has
been indicated in the text. For the northern districts in particular the
sign ** has been used to indicate that figures are constantly changing.
Additionally, with increased LRA and Karimojong activity in Eastern Lira,
numbers of displaced are above 50,000, though definite figures are not yet
available.
The contents of this Update do not necessarily represent the views of the
United Nations. Sources for the Update include Government, UN, NGOs,
donors, IOs and news agencies.
For more information or to contribute to the Humanitarian Update - Uganda,
please contact:
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)
15 A Clement Hill Road
Ruth Towers B6
Kampala, Uganda
Tel: +256 (41) 031 242 804/9
Fax: +256 (41) 031 242 801
Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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