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Asal hukum sakabeh Dzat Suci nepikeun ka aya dalil nu mertelakeun yen
eta dzat najis.
Dzat-dzat anu kotor saperti leutak sawah, oli jeung sajabana teu
mangrupakeun najis.
Di handap ieu aya sababaraha dzat anu sering dianggap najis tapi
sabenerna teu najis.
1. Mani
"Al qomah jeung Al Aswad nyarita, 'aya saurang jalma nu pernah mampir ka
Aisyah. Dina mangsa isuk-isuk, Anjeuna keur
nyeuseuh bajuna. Aisyah nyarita : 'Saestuna cukup keur maneh pikeun
nyeuseuh tempatna (nu keuna ku mani). Mun maneh teu
nempo mani, kecretan sakurilingna. Kaula geus pernah ngorek-ngorek mani
tina pakean ROsululloh sholallohu 'alaihi
wassalam, terus Anjeuna sholat make pakean eta" (Shahih Muslim No 288)
Imam Ash Shon'aniy nyarita dina subul As Salam yen para ulama
syafi'iyyah nyarita : hadits-hadits nu ngumbah mani lain
dalil ngeunaan najisna mani tapi ngan saukur netelakeun yen ngumbah mani
mangrupakeun hal anu sunnah (mandub)
2. Minuman Khamr
Di antara ulama anu nyebutkeun yen khamr najis dumasar kana QS Al
maaidah :90,
"Hey jalma anu ariman, saestuna khamr, judi, tapekong, (ngundi nasib ku)
panah kaasup najis tina kalakuan syetan...."
Najis nu dimaksud didieu lain najis sacara hissiyah (dzat) tapi najis
hukmiyah (maknawi). Mun Khamr dianggap najis
tangtu judi, tapekong jeung panah oge kaasup najis. Padahal henteu kitu.
Syaikh Husain bin 'Audah Al 'Awasiyah nyarita,"Kitu oge Nu haram teu
kudu jadi najis. Mun henteu, tangtu jadi najis
indung, anak awewe, lanceuk awewe, jeung bibi lantaran Alloh ngadawuh
dina An Nisa ayat 23 :
"Diharamkeun pikeun maraneh, indung-indung maraneh, anak-anak maraneh nu
awewe, dulur-dulur bapa maraneh nu awewe....."
3. Kotoran sato nu bisa didahar
Sato-sato sabangsa hayam, bebek, embe, sapi jeung nu lianna nu bisa
didahar, tai jeung kiih na teu kaasup najis.
"Anas bin Malik nyarita : Aya sababaraha jalma ti Uroinah nu datang ka
Rosululloh sholallohu 'alaihi wassalam. Tapi
maranehna teu cocok jeung cuaca kota madinah. Rosululloh sholallohu
'alaihi wassalam nyarita ka maranehna "Mun maraneh
arek indit, coba kaluar ka onta shodaqoh (hasil zakat) terus ku maraneh
inum susu jeung kiihna" Maranehna ngalakukeun nu
diparentahkeun, terus maranehna jadi sehat (Shohih Bukhari No 233 &
Shohih Muslim No 1671)
Mun kiih onta jeung sato sabangsana najis, tangtu Nabi sholallohu
'alaihi wassalam moal marentahkeun maranehna ngimun
cikiih onta, lantaran moal mungkin Nabi sholallohu 'alaihi wassalam
nitah nyiar ubar ku barang anu najis sakumaha ucapan
Abdullah bin Mas'ud :"Alloh moal ngajadikeun ubar tina naon-naon anu
diharamkeun ka maraneh" (Al Bukhori dina kitab AL
Asyribah)
4. Bangke sato nu euweuh getihan.
Nabi sholallohu 'alaihi wassalam ngadawuh :'Mun laleur ragrag kana cai
nginum saurang di antara maraneh, gancang
lelepkeun terus piceun. Lantaran dina salah sahiji jangjangna aya
panyakit jeung dina jangjang nu lainna aya obatna'
(Shohih Bukhori No 3320)
Ibnu Hajar Al Asqolaniy nyarita :"Hadits ieu dijadikeun dalil yen cai nu
saeutik teu jadi najis lantaran ragragna sato
nu euweuh getihan nu ngalir dina cai" (Fathul Bari)
5. Getih salian ti getih haidh jeung nifas
Al Miswar bin Makromah nyarita :
"Kuring pernah asup bareng jeung Ibnu Abbas nepungan Umar nalika anjeuna
ditubles. Terus kami nyarita "Waktu sholat geus
datang" Umar nyarita, "Saestuna euweuh bagian tina Islam pikeun jalma nu
ngalalaworakeun sholat" Terus anjeuna sholat,
sedeng tatuna ngucurkeun getih (HR Abdur Rozzaq, Daruquthniy jeung Ibnu
Abi Syaibah)
Naon anu dipigawe ku Umar Rodhiallohu anhu netelakeun yen getih salian
haidh jeung nifas teu kaasup najis
5. Utah Manusa
Euweuh dalil anu shahih anu netelakeun yen Utah manusa kaasup najis.
Sakumaha nu disebutkeun ku Ibnu Hazm (Al Muhalla)
jeung Imam Asy Syaukaniy (Ad Duror Al Bahiyah)
6. Kesang jalma junub jeung awewe haidh
Ti Abu Hurairah,
"yen nabi sholallohu 'alaihi wassalam pernah nepungan manehna dina
sawareh jalan jalan kota madinah, sedeng manehna (Abu
Hurairah) junub. Terus kuring mundur ti Nabi sholallohu 'alaihi
wassalam. Terus Abu Hurairah indit mandi, terus manehna
datang. Nabi sholallohu 'alaihi wassalam ngadawuh "Dimana maneh tadi ya
Abu Hurairah?' Jawab Abu Hurairah "kuring tadi
junub, kuring ngewa mun kuring maturan Anjeun diuk bari teu suci. Nabi
sholallohu 'alaihi wassalam ngadawuh :"
Subhanalloh, saestuna saurang muslim teu najis" (Shohih Bukhari No 283 &
Shohih Muslim No 372)
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