Coincidentally there was a StackOverflow question about this recently too with 
some answers outlining approaches for 7.0 and 8.0:

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/71945507/how-can-i-filter-or-select-sub-fields-of-structtype-columns-in-pyarrow

On Thu, Apr 21, 2022, at 17:46, Weston Pace wrote:
> Awesome.  I've created ARROW-16275[1] to track this.
>
> Also, I discovered that, starting with 8.0.0, we have support for
> expressing nested references in python so you can write:
>
>     dataset.to_table(filter=ds.field("values", "one") < 200)
>
> [1] https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-16275
>
> On Thu, Apr 21, 2022 at 6:44 AM Micah Kornfield <[email protected]> wrote:
>>>
>>> If parquet stores statistics for each column of a struct array (don't know 
>>> offhand if they do) then we should create a JIRA to expose this.
>>
>>
>> It does store statistics per-leaf column.
>>
>> On Wed, Apr 20, 2022 at 3:34 PM Weston Pace <[email protected]> wrote:
>>>
>>> No and no.  This filter will not be used for predicate pushdown now or in 
>>> 8.0.0.  It could possibly come after 8.0.0.  If parquet stores statistics 
>>> for each column of a struct array (don't know offhand if they do) then we 
>>> should create a JIRA to expose this.
>>>
>>> On Wed, Apr 20, 2022, 11:01 AM Partha Dutta <[email protected]> wrote:
>>>>
>>>> That works! Thanks. Do you know off hand if this filter would be used in a 
>>>> predicate pushdown for a parquet dataset? Or would it be possibly coming 
>>>> in version 8.0.0?
>>>>
>>>> On Wed, Apr 20, 2022 at 3:49 PM Weston Pace <[email protected]> wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>> The second argument to `call_function` should be a list (the args to
>>>>> the function).  Since `arr3` is iterable it is interpreting it as a
>>>>> list of args and trying to treat each row as an argument to your call
>>>>> (this is the reason it thinks you have 3 arguments).  This should
>>>>> work:
>>>>>
>>>>>     pc.call_function("struct_field", [arr3], 
>>>>> pc.StructFieldOptions(indices=[0]))
>>>>>
>>>>> Unfortunately, that evaluates the function immediately.  If you want
>>>>> to create an expression then you need some way to create a call and I
>>>>> don't actually know how to do that.  I can do something a little
>>>>> hackish:
>>>>>
>>>>> table = pa.Table.from_pydict({'values': arr3})
>>>>> dataset = ds.dataset(table)
>>>>> sf_call = ds.field('')._call('struct_field', [ds.field('values')],
>>>>> pc.StructFieldOptions(indices=[0]))
>>>>> dataset.to_table(filter=sf_call < 200)
>>>>>
>>>>> However, I suspect there is probably a better way to create a call
>>>>> object than `ds.field('')._call(...)`
>>>>>
>>>>> On Wed, Apr 20, 2022 at 3:09 AM Partha Dutta <[email protected]> 
>>>>> wrote:
>>>>> >
>>>>> > I'm trying to use the compute function struct_field in order to create 
>>>>> > an expression for dataset filtering. But running into an error. This is 
>>>>> > the code snippet:
>>>>> >
>>>>> > arr1 = pa.array([100, 200, 300])
>>>>> > arr2 = pa.array([400, 500, 600])
>>>>> > arr3 = pa.StructArray.from_arrays([arr1, arr2], ["one", "two"])
>>>>> > e = pc.call_function("struct_field", arr3, 
>>>>> > pc.StructFieldOptions(indices=[0])) > 200
>>>>> > Traceback (most recent call last):
>>>>> >   File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
>>>>> >   File "pyarrow/_compute.pyx", line 531, in 
>>>>> > pyarrow._compute.call_function
>>>>> >   File "pyarrow/_compute.pyx", line 330, in 
>>>>> > pyarrow._compute.Function.call
>>>>> >   File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 143, in 
>>>>> > pyarrow.lib.pyarrow_internal_check_status
>>>>> >   File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 99, in pyarrow.lib.check_status
>>>>> > pyarrow.lib.ArrowInvalid: Function 'struct_field' accepts 1 arguments 
>>>>> > but attempted to look up kernel(s) with 3
>>>>> >
>>>>> > If I try to exclude the options, I get
>>>>> > pyarrow.lib.ArrowInvalid: Function 'struct_field' cannot be called 
>>>>> > without options
>>>>> >
>>>>> > Any advice? I am using pyarrow 7.0.0
>>>>> > --
>>>>> > Partha Dutta
>>>>> > [email protected]
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> --
>>>> Partha Dutta
>>>> [email protected]

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