To recap the problem, 1.1.6 on SSD, 5 nodes, RF = 3, one CF only. After data load, initially all 5 nodes have very even data size (135G, each). I ran nodetool repair -pr on node 1 which have replicates on node 2, node 3 since we set RF = 3. It appears that huge amount of data got transferred. Node 1 has 220G, node 2, 3 have around 170G. Pending LCS task on node 1 is 15K and node 2, 3 have around 7K each. Questions:
* Why nodetool repair increases the data size that much? It's not likely that much data needs to be repaired. Will that happen for all the subsequent repair? * How to make LCS run faster? After almost a day, the LCS tasks only dropped by 1000. I am afraid it will never catch up. We set * compaction_throughput_mb_per_sec = 500 * multithreaded_compaction: true Both Disk and CPU util are less than 10%. I understand LCS is single threaded, any chance to speed it up? * We use default SSTable size as 5M, Will increase the size of SSTable help? What will happen if I change the setting after the data is loaded. Any suggestion is very much appreciated. -Wei ----- Original Message ----- From: "Wei Zhu" <wz1...@yahoo.com> To: user@cassandra.apache.org Sent: Thursday, January 24, 2013 11:46:04 PM Subject: Re: Cassandra pending compaction tasks keeps increasing I believe I am running into this one: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CASSANDRA-4765 By the way, I am using 1.1.6 (I though I was using 1.1.7) and this one is fixed in 1.1.7. ----- Original Message ----- From: "Wei Zhu" <wz1...@yahoo.com> To: user@cassandra.apache.org Sent: Thursday, January 24, 2013 11:18:59 PM Subject: Re: Cassandra pending compaction tasks keeps increasing Thanks Derek, in the cassandra-env.sh, it says # reduce the per-thread stack size to minimize the impact of Thrift # thread-per-client. (Best practice is for client connections to # be pooled anyway.) Only do so on Linux where it is known to be # supported. # u34 and greater need 180k JVM_OPTS="$JVM_OPTS -Xss180k" What value should I use? Java defaults at 400K? Maybe try that first. Thanks. -Wei ----- Original Message ----- From: "Derek Williams" <de...@fyrie.net> To: user@cassandra.apache.org, "Wei Zhu" <wz1...@yahoo.com> Sent: Thursday, January 24, 2013 11:06:00 PM Subject: Re: Cassandra pending compaction tasks keeps increasing Increasing the stack size in cassandra-env.sh should help you get past the stack overflow. Doesn't help with your original problem though. On Fri, Jan 25, 2013 at 12:00 AM, Wei Zhu < wz1...@yahoo.com > wrote: Well, even after restart, it throws the the same exception. I am basically stuck. Any suggestion to clear the pending compaction tasks? Below is the end of stack trace: at com.google.common.collect.Sets$1.iterator(Sets.java:578) at com.google.common.collect.Sets$1.iterator(Sets.java:578) at com.google.common.collect.Sets$1.iterator(Sets.java:578) at com.google.common.collect.Sets$1.iterator(Sets.java:578) at com.google.common.collect.Sets$3.iterator(Sets.java:667) at com.google.common.collect.Sets$3.size(Sets.java:670) at com.google.common.collect.Iterables.size(Iterables.java:80) at org.apache.cassandra.db.DataTracker.buildIntervalTree(DataTracker.java:557) at org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.CompactionController.<init>(CompactionController.java:69) at org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.CompactionTask.execute(CompactionTask.java:105) at org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.LeveledCompactionTask.execute(LeveledCompactionTask.java:50) at org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.CompactionManager$1.runMayThrow(CompactionManager.java:154) at org.apache.cassandra.utils.WrappedRunnable.run(WrappedRunnable.java:30) at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Unknown Source) at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(Unknown Source) at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(Unknown Source) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) Any suggestion is very much appreciated -Wei ----- Original Message ----- From: "Wei Zhu" < wz1...@yahoo.com > To: user@cassandra.apache.org Sent: Thursday, January 24, 2013 10:55:07 PM Subject: Re: Cassandra pending compaction tasks keeps increasing Do you mean 90% of the reads should come from 1 SSTable? By the way, after I finished the data migrating, I ran nodetool repair -pr on one of the nodes. Before nodetool repair, all the nodes have the same disk space usage. After I ran the nodetool repair, the disk space for that node jumped from 135G to 220G, also there are more than 15000 pending compaction tasks. After a while , Cassandra started to throw the exception like below and stop compacting. I had to restart the node. By the way, we are using 1.1.7. Something doesn't seem right. INFO [CompactionExecutor:108804] 2013-01-24 22:23:10,427 CompactionTask.java (line 109) Compacting [SSTableReader(path='/ssd/cassandra/data/zoosk/friends/zoosk-friends-hf-753782-Data.db')] INFO [CompactionExecutor:108804] 2013-01-24 22:23:11,610 CompactionTask.java (line 221) Compacted to [/ssd/cassandra/data/zoosk/friends/zoosk-friends-hf-754996-Data.db,]. 5,259,403 to 5,259,403 (~100% of original) bytes for 1,983 keys at 4.268730MB/s. Time: 1,175ms. INFO [CompactionExecutor:108805] 2013-01-24 22:23:11,617 CompactionTask.java (line 109) Compacting [SSTableReader(path='/ssd/cassandra/data/zoosk/friends/zoosk-friends-hf-754880-Data.db')] INFO [CompactionExecutor:108805] 2013-01-24 22:23:12,828 CompactionTask.java (line 221) Compacted to [/ssd/cassandra/data/zoosk/friends/zoosk-friends-hf-754997-Data.db,]. 5,272,746 to 5,272,746 (~100% of original) bytes for 1,941 keys at 4.152339MB/s. Time: 1,211ms. ERROR [CompactionExecutor:108806] 2013-01-24 22:23:13,048 AbstractCassandraDaemon.java (line 135) Exception in thread Thread[CompactionExecutor:108806,1,main] java.lang.StackOverflowError at java.util.AbstractList$Itr.hasNext(Unknown Source) at com.google.common.collect.Iterators$5.hasNext(Iterators.java:517) at com.google.common.collect.Iterators$3.hasNext(Iterators.java:114) at com.google.common.collect.Iterators$5.hasNext(Iterators.java:517) at com.google.common.collect.Iterators$3.hasNext(Iterators.java:114) at com.google.common.collect.Iterators$5.hasNext(Iterators.java:517) at com.google.common.collect.Iterators$3.hasNext(Iterators.java:114) at com.google.common.collect.Iterators$5.hasNext(Iterators.java:517) at com.google.common.collect.Iterators$3.hasNext(Iterators.java:114) ----- Original Message ----- From: "aaron morton" < aa...@thelastpickle.com > To: user@cassandra.apache.org Sent: Wednesday, January 23, 2013 2:40:45 PM Subject: Re: Cassandra pending compaction tasks keeps increasing The histogram does not look right to me, too many SSTables for an LCS CF. It's a symptom no a cause. If LCS is catching up though it should be more like the distribution in the linked article. Cheers ----------------- Aaron Morton Freelance Cassandra Developer New Zealand @aaronmorton http://www.thelastpickle.com On 23/01/2013, at 10:57 AM, Jim Cistaro < jcist...@netflix.com > wrote: What version are you using? Are you seeing any compaction related assertions in the logs? Might be https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CASSANDRA-4411 We experienced this problem of the count only decreasing to a certain number and then stopping. If you are idle, it should go to 0. I have not seen it overestimate for zero, only for non-zero amounts. As for timeouts etc, you will need to look at things like nodetool tpstats to see if you have pending transactions queueing up. Jc From: Wei Zhu < wz1...@yahoo.com > Reply-To: " user@cassandra.apache.org " < user@cassandra.apache.org >, Wei Zhu < wz1...@yahoo.com > Date: Tuesday, January 22, 2013 12:56 PM To: " user@cassandra.apache.org " < user@cassandra.apache.org > Subject: Re: Cassandra pending compaction tasks keeps increasing Thanks Aaron and Jim for your reply. The data import is done. We have about 135G on each node and it's about 28K SStables. For normal operation, we only have about 90 writes per seconds, but when I ran nodetool compationstats, it remains at 9 and hardly changes. I guess it's just an estimated number. When I ran histogram, Offset SSTables Write Latency Read Latency Row Size Column Count 1 2644 0 0 0 18660057 2 8204 0 0 0 9824270 3 11198 0 0 0 6968475 4 4269 6 0 0 5510745 5 517 29 0 0 4595205 You can see about half of the reads result in 3 SSTables. Majority of read latency are under 5ms, only a dozen are over 10ms. We haven't fully turn on reads yet, only 60 reads per second. We see about 20 read timeout during the past 12 hours. Not a single warning from Cassandra Log. Is it normal for Cassandra to timeout some requests? We set rpc timeout to be 1s, it shouldn't time out any of them? Thanks. -Wei From: aaron morton < aa...@thelastpickle.com > To: user@cassandra.apache.org Sent: Monday, January 21, 2013 12:21 AM Subject: Re: Cassandra pending compaction tasks keeps increasing The main guarantee LCS gives you is that most reads will only touch 1 row http://www.datastax.com/dev/blog/when-to-use-leveled-compaction If compaction is falling behind this may not hold. nodetool cfhistograms tells you how many SSTables were read from for reads. It's a recent histogram that resets each time you read from it. Also, parallel levelled compaction in 1.2 http://www.datastax.com/dev/blog/performance-improvements-in-cassandra-1-2 Cheers ----------------- Aaron Morton Freelance Cassandra Developer New Zealand @aaronmorton http://www.thelastpickle.com On 20/01/2013, at 7:49 AM, Jim Cistaro < jcist...@netflix.com > wrote: 1) In addition to iostat, dstat is a good tool to see wht kind of disck throuput your are getting. That would be one thing to monitor. 2) For LCS, we also see pending compactions skyrocket. During load, LCS will create a lot of small sstables which will queue up for compaction. 3) For us the biggest concern is not how high the pending count gets, but how often it gets back down near zero. If your load is something you can do in segments or pause, then you can see how fast the cluster recovers on the compactions. 4) One thing which we tune per cluster is the size of the files. Increasing this from 5MB can sometimes improve things. But I forget if we have ever changed this after starting data load. Is your cluster receiving read traffic during this data migration? If so, I would say that read latency is your best measure. If the high number of SSTables waiting to compact is not hurting your reads, then you are probably ok. Since you are on SSD, there is a good chance the compactions are not hurting you. As for compactionthroughput, we set ours high for SSD. You usually wont use it all because the compactions are usually single threaded. Dstat will help you measure this. I hope this helps, jc From: Wei Zhu < wz1...@yahoo.com > Reply-To: " user@cassandra.apache.org " < user@cassandra.apache.org >, Wei Zhu < wz1...@yahoo.com > Date: Friday, January 18, 2013 12:10 PM To: Cassandr usergroup < user@cassandra.apache.org > Subject: Cassandra pending compaction tasks keeps increasing Hi, When I run nodetool compactionstats I see the number of pending tasks keep going up steadily. I tried to increase the compactionthroughput, by using nodetool setcompactionthroughput I even tried the extreme to set it to 0 to disable the throttling. I checked iostats and we have SSD for data, the disk util is less than 5% which means it's not I/O bound, CPU is also less than 10% We are using levelcompaction and in the process of migrating data. We have 4500 writes per second and very few reads. We have about 70G data now and will grow to 150G when the migration finishes. We only have one CF and right now the number of SSTable is around 15000, write latency is still under 0.1ms. Anything needs to be concerned? Or anything I can do to reduce the number of pending compaction? Thanks. -Wei -- Derek Williams