I don't think there is. You need to have a table seeded with the right regions in order to run the bulk loader jobs.
My machines are sufficiently fast that it did not take that long to sort. One thing I did do to speed this up was add a mapper to the job that generates the splits, which would calculate the size of each KeyValue. So instead of passing around the KeyValue's I would pass around just the size of the KeyValues. You could do a similar thing with the Puts. Here are my keys/values for the job in full: Mapper: KeyIn: ImmutableBytesWritable ValueIn: KeyValue KeyOut: ImmutableBytesWritable ValueOut: IntWritable Reducer: KeyIn: ImmutableBytesWritable ValueIn: IntWritable At this point I would just add up the ints from the IntWritable. This cuts down drastically on the amount of data passed around in the sort. Hope this helps. If it is still too slow you might have to experiment with using many reducers and making sure you don't have holes or regions that are too big due to the way the keys are partitioned. I was lucky enough to not have to go that far. On Thu, May 10, 2012 at 11:55 AM, Something Something < [email protected]> wrote: > I am beginning to get a sinking feeling about this :( But I won't give up! > > Problem is that when I use one Reducer the job runs for a long time. I > killed it after about an hour. Keep in mind, we do have a decent cluster > size. The Map stage completes in a minute & when I set no. of reducers to > 0 (which is not what we want) the job completes in 12 minutes. In other > words, sorting is taking very very long! What could be the problem? > > Is there no other way to do the bulk upload without first *learning* the > data? > > On Thu, May 10, 2012 at 7:15 AM, Bryan Beaudreault < > [email protected] > > wrote: > > > Since our Key was ImmutableByteWritable (representing a rowKey) and the > > Value was KeyValue, there could be many KeyValue's per row key (thus > values > > per hadoop key in the reducer). So yes, what we did is very much the > same > > as what you described. Hadoop will sort the ImutableByteWritable keys > > before sending them to the reducer. This is the primary sort. We then > > loop the values for each key, adding up the size of each KeyValue until > we > > reach the region size. Each time that happens we record the rowKey from > > the hadoop key and use that as the start key for a new region. > > > > Secondary sort is not necessary unless the order of the values matter for > > you. In this case (with the row key as the reducer key), I don't think > > that matters. > > > > On Thu, May 10, 2012 at 3:22 AM, Something Something < > > [email protected]> wrote: > > > > > Thank you Tim & Bryan for the responses. Sorry for the delayed > response. > > > Got busy with other things. > > > > > > Bryan - I decided to focus on the region split problem first. The > > > challenge here is to find the correct start key for each region, right? > > > Here are the steps I could think of: > > > > > > 1) Sort the keys. > > > 2) Count how many keys & divide by # of regions we want to create. > > (e.g. > > > 300). This gives us # of keys in a region (region size). > > > 3) Loop thru the sorted keys & every time region size is reached, > write > > > down region # & starting key. This info can later be used to create > the > > > table. > > > > > > Honestly, I am not sure what you mean by "hadoop does this > > automatically". > > > If you used a single reducer, did you use secondary sort > > > (setOutputValueGroupingComparator) to sort the keys? Did you loop thru > > the > > > *values* to find regions? Would appreciate it if you would describe > this > > > MR job. Thanks. > > > > > > > > > On Wed, May 9, 2012 at 8:25 AM, Bryan Beaudreault > > > <[email protected]>wrote: > > > > > > > I also recently had this problem, trying to index 6+ billion records > > into > > > > HBase. The job would take about 4 hours before it brought down the > > > entire > > > > cluster, at only around 60% complete. > > > > > > > > After trying a bunch of things, we went to bulk loading. This is > > > actually > > > > pretty easy, though the hardest part is that you need to have a table > > > ready > > > > with the region splits you are going to use. Region splits aside, > > there > > > > are 2 steps: > > > > > > > > 1) Change your job to instead of executing yours Puts, just output > them > > > > using context.write. Put is writable. (We used > ImmutableBytesWritable > > as > > > > the Key, representing the rowKey) > > > > 2) Add another job that reads that input and configure it > > > > using HFileOutputFormat.configureIncrementalLoad(Job job, HTable > > table); > > > > This will add the right reducer. > > > > > > > > Once those two have run, you can finalize the process using the > > > > completebulkload tool documented at > > > > http://hbase.apache.org/bulk-loads.html > > > > > > > > For the region splits problem, we created another job which sorted > all > > of > > > > the puts by the key (hadoop does this automatically) and had a single > > > > reducer. It stepped through all of the Puts calculating up the total > > > size > > > > until it reached some threshold. When it did it recorded the > bytearray > > > and > > > > used that for the start of the next region. We used the result of > this > > > job > > > > to create a new table. There is probably a better way to do this but > > it > > > > takes like 20 minutes to write. > > > > > > > > This whole process took less than an hour, with the bulk load part > only > > > > taking 15 minutes. Much better! > > > > > > > > On Wed, May 9, 2012 at 11:08 AM, Something Something < > > > > [email protected]> wrote: > > > > > > > > > Hey Oliver, > > > > > > > > > > Thanks a "billion" for the response -:) I will take any code you > can > > > > > provide even if it's a hack! I will even send you an Amazon gift > > card > > > - > > > > > not that you care or need it -:) > > > > > > > > > > Can you share some performance statistics? Thanks again. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Wed, May 9, 2012 at 8:02 AM, Oliver Meyn (GBIF) <[email protected] > > > > > > wrote: > > > > > > > > > > > Heya Something, > > > > > > > > > > > > I had a similar task recently and by far the best way to go about > > > this > > > > is > > > > > > with bulk loading after pre-splitting your target table. As you > > know > > > > > > ImportTsv doesn't understand Avro files so I hacked together my > own > > > > > > ImportAvro class to create the Hfiles that I eventually moved > into > > > > HBase > > > > > > with completebulkload. I haven't committed my class anywhere > > because > > > > > it's > > > > > > a pretty ugly hack, but I'm happy to share it with you as a > > starting > > > > > point. > > > > > > Doing billions of puts will just drive you crazy. > > > > > > > > > > > > Cheers, > > > > > > Oliver > > > > > > > > > > > > On 2012-05-09, at 4:51 PM, Something Something wrote: > > > > > > > > > > > > > I ran the following MR job that reads AVRO files & puts them on > > > > HBase. > > > > > > The > > > > > > > files have tons of data (billions). We have a fairly decent > size > > > > > > cluster. > > > > > > > When I ran this MR job, it brought down HBase. When I > commented > > > out > > > > > the > > > > > > > Puts on HBase, the job completed in 45 seconds (yes that's > > > seconds). > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Obviously, my HBase configuration is not ideal. I am using all > > the > > > > > > default > > > > > > > HBase configurations that come out of Cloudera's distribution: > > > > > > 0.90.4+49. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > I am planning to read up on the following two: > > > > > > > > > > > > > > http://hbase.apache.org/book/important_configurations.html > > > > > > > http://www.cloudera.com/blog/2011/04/hbase-dos-and-donts/ > > > > > > > > > > > > > > But can someone quickly take a look and recommend a list of > > > > priorities, > > > > > > > such as "try this first..."? That would be greatly > appreciated. > > > As > > > > > > > always, thanks for the time. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Here's the Mapper. (There's no reducer): > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > public class AvroProfileMapper extends > > > AvroMapper<GenericData.Record, > > > > > > > NullWritable> { > > > > > > > private static final Logger logger = > > > > > > > LoggerFactory.getLogger(AvroProfileMapper.class); > > > > > > > > > > > > > > final private String SEPARATOR = "*"; > > > > > > > > > > > > > > private HTable table; > > > > > > > > > > > > > > private String datasetDate; > > > > > > > private String tableName; > > > > > > > > > > > > > > @Override > > > > > > > public void configure(JobConf jobConf) { > > > > > > > super.configure(jobConf); > > > > > > > datasetDate = jobConf.get("datasetDate"); > > > > > > > tableName = jobConf.get("tableName"); > > > > > > > > > > > > > > // Open table for writing > > > > > > > try { > > > > > > > table = new HTable(jobConf, tableName); > > > > > > > table.setAutoFlush(false); > > > > > > > table.setWriteBufferSize(1024 * 1024 * 12); > > > > > > > } catch (IOException e) { > > > > > > > throw new RuntimeException("Failed table > > construction", > > > > e); > > > > > > > } > > > > > > > } > > > > > > > > > > > > > > @Override > > > > > > > public void map(GenericData.Record record, > > > > > AvroCollector<NullWritable> > > > > > > > collector, > > > > > > > Reporter reporter) throws IOException { > > > > > > > > > > > > > > String u1 = record.get("u1").toString(); > > > > > > > > > > > > > > GenericData.Array<GenericData.Record> fields = > > > > > > > (GenericData.Array<GenericData.Record>) record.get("bag"); > > > > > > > for (GenericData.Record rec : fields) { > > > > > > > Integer s1 = (Integer) rec.get("s1"); > > > > > > > Integer n1 = (Integer) rec.get("n1"); > > > > > > > Integer c1 = (Integer) rec.get("c1"); > > > > > > > Integer freq = (Integer) rec.get("freq"); > > > > > > > if (freq == null) { > > > > > > > freq = 0; > > > > > > > } > > > > > > > > > > > > > > String key = u1 + SEPARATOR + n1 + SEPARATOR + c1 + > > > > > SEPARATOR > > > > > > + > > > > > > > s1; > > > > > > > Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(key)); > > > > > > > put.setWriteToWAL(false); > > > > > > > put.add(Bytes.toBytes("info"), > > > Bytes.toBytes("frequency"), > > > > > > > Bytes.toBytes(freq.toString())); > > > > > > > try { > > > > > > > table.put(put); > > > > > > > } catch (IOException e) { > > > > > > > throw new RuntimeException("Error while writing > to > > > " + > > > > > > > table + " table.", e); > > > > > > > } > > > > > > > > > > > > > > } > > > > > > > logger.error("------------ Finished processing user: " > + > > > u1); > > > > > > > } > > > > > > > > > > > > > > @Override > > > > > > > public void close() throws IOException { > > > > > > > table.close(); > > > > > > > } > > > > > > > > > > > > > > } > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > -- > > > > > > Oliver Meyn > > > > > > Software Developer > > > > > > Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) > > > > > > +45 35 32 15 12 > > > > > > http://www.gbif.org > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >
