> Sorry for interruption. 
> After reading your discussion, I try to read the more about Shale. 
> From the webpage, http://struts.apache.org/shale/index.html, 
> it is found that Shale does not depend on Struts. 
> 
> I wonder if Shale will be independent of Struts? 
> 

I think that depends on the context that you are using "Struts".  In terms of a 
framework, Shale is independent of core Struts.  In terms of an open souce 
community, Shale is a subproject under the umbrella of the Struts (a top-level 
apache project).

Shale and core Struts share common utilities like chains, validator and in the 
future Tiles.  Shale is built on the JSF framework where core Struts is built 
from the ground up.  

Both are dependent on the Struts community.

Gary

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