NoClassDefFoundError - ApplicationContextAware

Sun, 22 Apr 2007 12:54:30 -0700

Last night I (unsuccessfully) attempted to set up a simple Struts 2 web app. I am absolutely sure that all the JAR files are in the correct /WEB-INF/lib directory. The error appears to be happening because it cannot find the Spring interface ApplicationContextAware. I would think that if Struts 2 had any dependencies on this interface, it would include them in its own JARs, and not require the user to go download the Spring framework during normal installation. I am using Eclipse 3.2, Tomcat v5.5, and have tried using both JDK 5 and 6. 


Here is my struts.xml (I have also tried it using dummy 
action entries)


<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC

    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts 
Configuration 2.0//EN"

    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd";>
<struts>
</struts>



Here is my web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4" 
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"; 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"; 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee 
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd";>

    <display-name>StrutsTest</display-name>
    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts</filter-name>
        
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
…
</web-app>



Here is the stack trace:

SEVERE: Exception starting filter struts

Unable to load bean: 
type:com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory 
class:org.apache.struts2.spring.StrutsSpringObjectFactory 
- bean - 
jar:file:/C:/tempworkspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/webapps/StrutsTest/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-spring-plugin-2.0.6.jar!/struts-plugin.xml:8:132
	at 
com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.register(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:209)
	at 
org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.register(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:101)
	at 
com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reload(DefaultConfiguration.java:131)
	at 
com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:52)
	at 
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:398)
	at 
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:455)
	at 
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher.init(FilterDispatcher.java:201)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:221)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.setFilterDef(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:302)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:78)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:3635)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4222)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1014)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:736)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1014)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:448)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:700)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:552)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native 
Method)
	at 
sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
	at 
sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)

        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:585)

	at 
org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:295)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:433)
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: 
org/springframework/context/ApplicationContextAware

        at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)

	at 
java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:620)
	at 
java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:124)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:1847)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:873)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1326)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1205)
	at 
java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:319)

        at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)

	at 
java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:620)
	at 
java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:124)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:1847)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:873)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1326)
	at 
org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1205)
	at 
com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ClassLoaderUtil.loadClass(ClassLoaderUtil.java:139)
	at 
com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.register(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:181)

        ... 24 more

Apr 22, 2007 12:30:03 PM 
org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start

SEVERE: Error filterStart



Please help!

Sincerely,
Mike


P.S. The only help I could find on this problem is a post 
in another forum written in what I think is Mandarin 
Chinese:

http://www.blogjava.net/max/archive/2006/10/10/74353.html

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