Can anyone tell me what does <dependencies> tag mean in maven ?

in the following example from pom.xml , 
1)what does <groupid>mean ? 
2)where & how to look up the  ${web.framework} or ${appfuse.version} ?

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.appfuse</groupId>
            <artifactId>appfuse-${web.framework}</artifactId>
            <version>${appfuse.version}</version>
            <type>war</type>
        </dependency>



Michael Horwitz wrote:
> 
> The easiest way is to add an explicit dependency in your own pom on
> commons
> collections which overrides any inherited dependencies. Adding this should
> solve the problem:
> 
>       <dependency>
>         <groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
>         <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
>         <version>3.2</version>
>       </dependency>
> 
> Mike.
> 
> On 3/27/07, wnqq <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>
>>
>> environment: appfuse v2m4 + struts basic archetype
>>
>> My appfuse application originally worked properly until I added the
>> following dependency to pom.xml:
>>
>>    <dependencies>
>>        ......
>>        <dependency>
>>                <groupId>jasperreports</groupId>
>>                <artifactId>jasperreports</artifactId>
>>                <version>1.3.1</version>
>>        </dependency>
>>    </dependencies>
>>
>> Once the above jasperreports dependency is added, executing "mvn
>> integration-test" failed with the following error messages:
>>
>> [INFO] [talledLocalContainer] [myproject] ERROR [main]
>> 0-SNAPSHOT].listenerStart(3768) | Exception sending context initi
>> alized event to listener instance of class
>> net.sf.navigator.menu.MenuContextListener
>> [INFO] [talledLocalContainer] java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:
>> org/apache/commons/collections/map/LinkedMap
>> [INFO] [talledLocalContainer]   at
>> net.sf.navigator.menu.MenuRepository.<init>(MenuRepository.java:38)
>> [INFO] [talledLocalContainer]   at
>> net.sf.navigator.menu.MenuContextListener.contextInitialized(
>> MenuContextListener.java
>> :57)
>>
>> I surfed the web and found out a related discussion at:
>> http://www.nabble.com/(no-subject)-t1718406.html
>> which says:
>> "You need to upgrade to the latest release of commons-collections. 
>> Struts
>> Menu uses 3.0."
>>
>> So, now my question is:
>> How to configure pom.xml to avoid the dependency conflict of
>> commons-collections so that I can use JasperReports?
>>
>> Thanks in advance.
>> --
>> View this message in context:
>> http://www.nabble.com/struts-menu-dependency-conflict-of-commons-collections-tf3472250s2369.html#a9689867
>> Sent from the AppFuse - User mailing list archive at Nabble.com.
>>
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>>
> 
> 

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