You can put things into the binding yourself if that helps:
------------
import org.codehaus.groovy.jsr223.*
def engine = new GroovyScriptEngineFactory().scriptEngine
engine.put('something', 10)
engine.eval('println something')
------------
Cheers, Paul.
On Tue, May 23, 2017 at 8:39 PM, Jochen Theodorou <blackd...@gmx.org> wrote:
>
>
> On 23.05.2017 03:34, Assia Alexandrova wrote:
>
>> Hi,
>>
>> Thanks for the prompt response!
>>
>> I am a bit confused. According to what appears to be the official
>> language semantics:
>>
>> http://www.groovy-lang.org/semantics.html#_variable_definition
>>
>> the 'def' keyword is used to declare an untyped variable (i.e. one
>> whose type is Object). So something like
>>
>> def x = 10
>>
>> is then presumably equivalent to two separate statements:
>>
>> def x
>> x = 10
>>
>> What is the difference in semantics between 'def x = 10' and 'x = 10'?
>>
>
> "def x" declares a variable x in the current lexical scope.
>
> "x=10" is an assignment to the variable x. In Java the assignment has to
> be done either together with the declaration or after (in a lexical sense)
> the declaration. While Groovy has lexical scopes, Groovy also has some
> constructs with dynamic scopes. Every Closure and every class container can
> define such a dynamic scope. A script is also a class container. The
> important point here is, that in a dynamic scope the declaration may not be
> literal, but programmatically.
>
> So if you do println x, as script, then what are the scopes here? The
> println method call actually is taken and put into a run method, which also
> defines the scope. So the direct scope context for x is the same as the
> method... besides the implicit method, nothing different to Java here yet.
> The parent to the method scope is the class scope. In a script you cannot
> easily define elements here. Unlike Java Groovy does not define this scope
> as lexical, it defines it as dynamic. This means getProperty and
> setProperty methods are used to get or set the value of "x". Thus x is not
> bound to a declaration anymore.
>
> In a script these getProperty and setProperty methods will use the Binding
> to get or set such a value. With the logic of "I can always set the value"
> and "I can get the value only if it has been set before".
>
> Can you point me to how docs where I can learn about transforms and
>> write such a transform?
>>
>
> Take a look at http://groovy-lang.org/metaprogramming.html#developing-ast-
> xforms
>
> I'd like to understand if this behaviors is
>> some side-effect of the implementation of the language or really
>> designed following some rationale. In the latter case, cool, but in
>> the former, I'd take a stab at a writing a transform.
>>
>
> well, I hope my explanation above sounds like the cool case ;)
>
> The following REPL interaction seems too strange to me :-)
>>
>> groovy:000> def x = 10;
>>
>> ===> 10
>>
>> groovy:000> x
>>
>> Unknown property: x
>>
>
> hmmm... strange... I have the vague memory that somebody already fixed
> that... ah... right... this is JSR-223 not groovysh. For groovysh we
> actually do quite some things like transferring import statements and I
> think also declaration of variables and methods. But JSR-223 was originally
> intended to always get a complete script, thus we have no such things
> there. If JSR223 would be in more wider use, we would probably offer a REPL
> mode for it...
>
> bye Jochen
>
