1.: what do you mean by indexer?
Probably my biggest problem is, that I have no clue how to find out, where the 
jena.spatialindexer could be located except for asking here.

Here is the content of the apache jena I downloaded:
$ ls -lh ../apache-jena-3.8.0/lib
total 17M
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 162K Oct 26  2017 collection-0.7.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process  53K Oct 26  2017 commons-cli-1.4.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 328K Mar  5  2018 commons-codec-1.11.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 576K Jun 25 09:59 commons-compress-1.17.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process  41K Mar  5  2018 commons-csv-1.5.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 210K Mar  5  2018 commons-io-2.6.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 425K Oct 26  2017 commons-lang3-3.4.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 749K Jun 25 10:01 httpclient-4.5.5.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 158K Jun 25 10:01 httpclient-cache-4.5.5.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 318K Jun 25 10:01 httpcore-4.4.9.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process  65K Oct 26  2017 jackson-annotations-2.9.0.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 315K Jun 25 10:01 jackson-core-2.9.5.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 1.3M Jun 25 10:01 jackson-databind-2.9.5.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process  17K Oct 26  2017 jcl-over-slf4j-1.7.25.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 2.9M Jun 25 11:03 jena-arq-3.8.0.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 211K Jun 25 11:01 jena-base-3.8.0.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 259K Jun 25 11:07 jena-cmds-3.8.0.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 1.7M Jun 25 11:02 jena-core-3.8.0.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 135K Jun 25 11:05 jena-dboe-base-3.8.0.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process  21K Jun 25 11:05 jena-dboe-index-3.8.0.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process  74K Jun 25 11:05 jena-dboe-transaction-3.8.0.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process  95K Jun 25 11:06 jena-dboe-trans-data-3.8.0.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 135K Jun 25 11:01 jena-iri-3.8.0.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process  49K Jun 25 11:04 jena-rdfconnection-3.8.0.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 2.8M Jun 25 11:01 jena-shaded-guava-3.8.0.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 264K Jun 25 11:06 jena-tdb2-3.8.0.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 512K Jun 25 11:04 jena-tdb-3.8.0.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 1.6M Jun 25 10:01 jsonld-java-0.12.0.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 232K Mar  5  2018 libthrift-0.10.0.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process 479K Oct 26  2017 log4j-1.2.17.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process  41K Oct 26  2017 slf4j-api-1.7.25.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 process process  12K Oct 26  2017 slf4j-log4j12-1.7.25.jar

2.: Turns out, I don't need the jts. after commenting out the affected lines, 
the server still runs fine. (But still without spatial index)

Best Markus

> Am 17.09.2018 um 11:14 schrieb Marco Neumann <marco.neum...@gmail.com>:
> 
> Ok let's take a look at this.
> 
> 1. please include in the indexer in the classpath. It's part of the current
> jena distribution.
> 
> 2. do you need jts? it's a package that allows you to index multi point
> geometries. here a sample query would be helpful. If single point
> geometries are indexed and used in conjunction with MBR range queries.
> there is no need for jts.
> 
> 
> On Mon, Sep 17, 2018 at 9:14 AM Markus Neumann <mneum...@meteomatics.com 
> <mailto:mneum...@meteomatics.com>>
> wrote:
> 
>> Hi,
>> (sorry for the long post)
>> 
>> I've been struggling with the spatial index for a while now.
>> I've read https://jena.apache.org/documentation/query/spatial-query.html 
>> <https://jena.apache.org/documentation/query/spatial-query.html> <
>> https://jena.apache.org/documentation/query/spatial-query.html 
>> <https://jena.apache.org/documentation/query/spatial-query.html>> and
>> skipped through about every spatial related thread here on the list.
>> I managed to get an in-memory version up and running at some point
>> following this
>> 
>> https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45814956/building-geospatial-index-when-working-with-jena-fuseki/52099066#52099066
>>  
>> <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45814956/building-geospatial-index-when-working-with-jena-fuseki/52099066#52099066>
>> <
>> https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45814956/building-geospatial-index-when-working-with-jena-fuseki/52099066#52099066
>>  
>> <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45814956/building-geospatial-index-when-working-with-jena-fuseki/52099066#52099066>
>>> 
>> and this
>> https://ceyxstudios.com/2017/11/25/rdf-datenbank-mit-geo-funktionen/ 
>> <https://ceyxstudios.com/2017/11/25/rdf-datenbank-mit-geo-funktionen/> <
>> https://ceyxstudios.com/2017/11/25/rdf-datenbank-mit-geo-funktionen/>
>> 
>> But that was on a small dataset that I uploaded via the web-interface of
>> Fuseki.
>> 
>> Now the story is a bit different. I'm building the database using
>> tdbloader2 and would like to create the spatial index upfront.
>> 
>> java -cp jena-spatial.jar jena.spatialindexer --desc=assembler_file
>> I could not figure out, how to get this line to work. I have the following
>> possible scenarios:
>> 
>> 1. I download the jena-spatial-3.8.0.jar and specify that in the classpath:
>> $ java -cp jena-spatial-3.8.0.jar jena.spatialindexer
>> --desc=../fuseki-server/run/configuration/mm.ttl
>> Error: Could not find or load main class jena.spatialindexer
>> 
>> 2. I use the fuseki-server jar:
>> $ java -cp fuseki-server.jar jena.spatialindexer
>> --desc=./run/configuration/mm.ttl
>> WARN  Custom SpatialContextFactory lib is not ready in
>> classpath:com/vividsolutions/jts/geom/CoordinateSequenceFactory
>> org.apache.jena.dboe.transaction.txn.TransactionException: Not in a
>> transaction
>> 
>> I managed to eliminate the warning about jts by including that in the
>> classpath, but the error remains the same (with full trace):
>> java -cp fuseki-server.jar:jts-1.13.jar jena.spatialindexer
>> --desc=./run/configuration/mm.ttl
>> org.apache.jena.dboe.transaction.txn.TransactionException: Not in a
>> transaction
>>        at
>> org.apache.jena.dboe.transaction.txn.TransactionalComponentLifecycle.checkTxn(TransactionalComponentLifecycle.java:417)
>>        at
>> org.apache.jena.dboe.trans.bplustree.BPlusTree.getRootRead(BPlusTree.java:159)
>>        at
>> org.apache.jena.dboe.trans.bplustree.BPlusTree.iterator(BPlusTree.java:348)
>>        at
>> org.apache.jena.tdb2.store.tupletable.TupleIndexRecord.all(TupleIndexRecord.java:251)
>>        at
>> org.apache.jena.tdb2.store.tupletable.TupleTable.find(TupleTable.java:148)
>>        at
>> org.apache.jena.tdb2.store.nodetupletable.NodeTupleTableConcrete.find(NodeTupleTableConcrete.java:161)
>>        at
>> org.apache.jena.tdb2.store.nodetupletable.NodeTupleTableConcrete.find(NodeTupleTableConcrete.java:150)
>>        at
>> org.apache.jena.tdb2.store.nodetupletable.NodeTupleTableConcrete.findAsNodeIds(NodeTupleTableConcrete.java:141)
>>        at org.apache.jena.tdb2.store.TripleTable.find(TripleTable.java:64)
>>        at
>> org.apache.jena.tdb2.store.DatasetGraphTDB.findInDftGraph(DatasetGraphTDB.java:104)
>>        at
>> org.apache.jena.sparql.core.DatasetGraphBaseFind.findAny(DatasetGraphBaseFind.java:72)
>>        at
>> org.apache.jena.sparql.core.DatasetGraphBaseFind.find(DatasetGraphBaseFind.java:50)
>>        at
>> org.apache.jena.sparql.core.DatasetGraphWrapper.find(DatasetGraphWrapper.java:152)
>>        at
>> org.apache.jena.sparql.core.DatasetGraphWrapper.find(DatasetGraphWrapper.java:152)
>>        at jena.spatialindexer.exec(spatialindexer.java:110)
>>        at jena.cmd.CmdMain.mainMethod(CmdMain.java:93)
>>        at jena.cmd.CmdMain.mainRun(CmdMain.java:58)
>>        at jena.cmd.CmdMain.mainRun(CmdMain.java:45)
>>        at jena.spatialindexer.main(spatialindexer.java:53)
>> 
>> My configuration is the following:
>> @prefix :      <http://base/#> .
>> @prefix rdf:   <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
>> @prefix tdb2:  <http://jena.apache.org/2016/tdb#> .
>> @prefix ja:    <http://jena.hpl.hp.com/2005/11/Assembler#> .
>> @prefix rdfs:  <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
>> @prefix fuseki: <http://jena.apache.org/fuseki#> .
>> @prefix spatial: <http://jena.apache.org/spatial#> .
>> @prefix geo: <http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#> .
>> @prefix geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#> .
>> # Spatial
>> [] ja:loadClass "org.apache.jena.query.spatial.SpatialQuery" .
>> spatial:SpatialtDataset rdfs:subClassOf ja:RDFDataset .
>> spatial:SpatialIndexLucene rdfs:subClassOf spatial:SpatialIndex .
>> 
>> :service_tdb_all  a                   fuseki:Service ;
>>        rdfs:label                    "TDB2 mm" ;
>>        fuseki:dataset                :spatial_dataset ;
>>        fuseki:name                   "mm" ;
>>        fuseki:serviceQuery           "query" , "sparql" ;
>>        fuseki:serviceReadGraphStore  "get" ;
>>        fuseki:serviceReadWriteGraphStore
>>                "data" ;
>>        fuseki:serviceUpdate          "update" ;
>>        fuseki:serviceUpload          "upload" .
>> 
>> :spatial_dataset a spatial:SpatialDataset ;
>>    spatial:dataset   :tdb_dataset_readwrite ;
>>    spatial:index     <#indexLucene> ;
>>    .
>> 
>> <#indexLucene> a spatial:SpatialIndexLucene ;
>>    spatial:directory <file:Lucene> ;
>>    #spatial:directory "mem" ;
>>    spatial:definition <#definition> ;
>>    .
>> 
>> <#definition> a spatial:EntityDefinition ;
>>    spatial:entityField      "uri" ;
>>    spatial:geoField     "geo" ;
>>    # custom geo predicates for 1) Latitude/Longitude Format
>>    spatial:hasSpatialPredicatePairs (
>>         [ spatial:latitude geo:lat ; spatial:longitude geo:long ]
>>         ) ;
>>    # custom geo predicates for 2) Well Known Text (WKT) Literal
>>    spatial:hasWKTPredicates (geosparql:asWKT) ;
>>    # custom SpatialContextFactory for 2) Well Known Text (WKT) Literal
>>    spatial:spatialContextFactory
>> #         "com.spatial4j.core.context.jts.JtsSpatialContextFactory"
>>        "org.locationtech.spatial4j.context.jts.JtsSpatialContextFactory"
>>    .
>> 
>> :tdb_dataset_readwrite
>>        a              tdb2:DatasetTDB2 ;
>>        tdb2:location
>> "/srv/linked_data_store/fuseki-server/run/databases/mm" .
>> 
>> And I've changed the fuseki script to include the jts jar:
>> FUSEKI_CLASSES=$FUSEKI_HOME/jts-1.13.jar
>> 
>> I see no errors or warnings in the server log, when starting with that
>> configuration, the Lucene folder is created and populated with something:
>> $ ll run/configuration/Lucene/
>> total 4
>> -rw-rw-r-- 1 process process 71 Sep 14 09:28 segments_1
>> -rw-rw-r-- 1 process process  0 Sep 14 09:28 write.lock
>> 
>> But any spatial query does not return any results.
>> Any help on how to tackle this would be highly appreciated.
>> 
>> Best
>> Markus Neumann
>> 
>> 
> 
> -- 
> 
> 
> ---
> Marco Neumann
> KONA

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