On Fri, Aug 22, 2025 at 5:36 PM home user via users < users@lists.fedoraproject.org> wrote:
> > On 8/21/2025 9:27 PM, Jeffrey Walton wrote: > > > > On Thu, Aug 21, 2025 at 6:15 PM home user via users > > <users@lists.fedoraproject.org> wrote: > > > > Good morning, > > > > (background) > > * Something went wrong with a back-up to a USB-3.0 stick this past > > May. > > Most everything was recovered, but not everything. I was told > > that the > > stick itself was probably not what failed. There are a few other > > more > > likely causes of the failure, but I cannot diagnose it. One major > > possibility is that the desktop on which I was trying to read it > > damaged > > some of the contents of the stick. > > * Many of you might recall 3.5 inch (about 8.8 cm), 1.44 MB > > floppys from > > back in the late 1980s. The disc cases had "a rectangular hole in > > one > > corner which, if obstructed, write-enables the disk. A sliding > > detented > > piece can be moved to block or reveal the part of the rectangular > > hole > > that is sensed by the drive." (from wikipedia). > > * For me, back-ups are written regularly, but searched or read > > rarely. > > (So write speed is more important than read speed.) > > > > I am looking for a way of doing back-ups such the media can be > > hardware > > write-protected when wanting to find or recover something from > > back-up. > > My back-ups are typically tens of gigabytes each, and I like to > > keep at > > least 3. > > > > (requirements) > > * local (not cloud or other internet). > > * at least 128 GB, more is better. > > * write speed as good as or better than USB-3.2. > > > > (very strongly preferred) > > * write lockable and unlockable, just like them old 3.5 inch, 1.44 MB > > floppys. Note that I want hardware locking and unlocking (like those > > floppies), not software locking/unlocking (such as with command line > > options). > > > > (preferred) > > * re-writable as opposed to write once only. > > > > Blu-ray: is write-once-only, and is much too slow (4.5 MB/sec). > > SDXC: some is lockable, but is too slow (100 MB/sec). > > By comparison, I read that USB-3.2 realistically does 500-2000 > MB/sec. > > > > What do you recommend? > > > > > > LTO, like LTO-10. LTO tapes usually have a write-protect switch. > > > > Older LTO works fine, too. I still have LTO-6 at my house for > > archiving my important stuff. I move the LTO tape into the shed in my > > backyard in case the house burns down. > Thank-you, Jeffrey. I did not know about LTO. > The price of the media is tolerable. The write-protect capability is nice. > But the hardware is expensive ($thousands) for a stand-alone home desktop. > Looks good for professional and commercial shops. > A new old stock LTO-3 drive can be had for $150, < https://www.ebay.com/itm/406139240560>. The tapes are about $25 (or less). The tapes don't wear out like thumb drives and SDcards. You don't develop bad blocks, and you don't need wear leveling. Also, the speed for LTO-9 (400MB/sec) is less than USB-3.2. The network is likely going to be your bottleneck, not the system's bus. Jeff
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