Hi,

Every now and then I see references to variables in the format
${some.expression}. However, I do not fully understand them: which
variables are there?

1. User variables

You can define your own variables and use them in the pom like this:
<property>
     <name>variable1</name>
     <value>somevalue</value>
</property>
now I can refer to it:
  ...${variable1}
Or I can pass -Dvariable1=somevalue and refer to it in the same manner.

2. POM element variables

Another use case are values defined in other pom elements:
${artifactId} refers to project/artifactId.
However, I do not understand how to refer to nested elements. Would I
have to use ${parent.artifactId} to get the artifact of the parent?

3. Plugin parameters

If I get the documentation pages for plugins right, the parameter column
is the name of the parameter to be used in <configuration/> elements,
whereas the expression column is the property to pass using -D. For
instance, eclipse:add-maven-repo does it that way: To pass the eclipse
workspace, you can use:
<configuration>
  ...
  <workspace>VALUE</workspace>
</configuration>
-OR-
on the command line, specify: '-Declipse.workspace=VALUE'

4. Built-in variables?

Are there any built-in variables, such as the current project path, I
can refer to? Are they specified somewhere?

Regards,
Dietrich

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