Hi Marcus,
Thanks for the explanation, so I have to prepare the I/Q samples in my program.
Furthermore, can I understand the send() function will multiplex/transform the 
I/Q samples to final REAL baseband waveform samples. Then the USRP hardware 
simply multiply amplitude of each REAL sample to the carrier frequency and 
transmit?
WANG Cui

From: Marcus D. Leech <[email protected]>
Sent: Thursday, August 19, 2021 10:43 AM
To: [email protected]
Subject: [USRP-users] Re: How to prepare I/Q sample for tx_streamer

On 2021-08-18 10:31 p.m., ?? WANG Cui wrote:
Hi,
Maybe I am asking a newbie question.
When use tx_streamer::send() function to send signal, the required format is 
I/Q samples (say otw_format = sc16). I understand should provide I/Q samples 
buffer in arguments.
I am wondering for the I/Q samples, should I provide binary values buffer (e.g. 
I: 1, -1, 1..., Q: -1, 1, -1...), then the USRP firmware will modulate the 
binary values to specific Cos/Sin waves?
Or I should do the Cos/Sin modulation in my program (e.g. I: 0, -.001, 
0.002..., Q: -1, 0.999, -0.998...) before pass the buffer send() function?
I searched the documents, but can't find answer, thanks in advance for 
explanation,

WANG Cui




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The whole point of an SDR is that it doesn't have any pre-defined notion of 
what modulation techniques are used, etc.  That's entirely up to you.

You're sending a complex-baseband representation of *waveforms*.   The UHD 
library is NOT a DSP library.  It is a device-interface library.

If you need something higher-level, there's Gnu Radio (http://www.gnuradio.org) 
or even MATLAB.  But SDR radios in general don't have any
  built-in modulation.  They want sampled baseband waveforms.

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