As ':help :map-alt-keys':
--------------------
By default Vim assumes that pressing the ALT key sets the 8th bit of a typed
character.  Most decent terminals can work that way, such as xterm, aterm and
rxvt.  If your <A-k> mappings don't work it might be that the terminal is
prefixing the character with an ESC character.  But you can just as well type
ESC before a character, thus Vim doesn't know what happened (except for
checking the delay between characters, which is not reliable).

As of this writing, some mainstream terminals like gnome-terminal and konsole
use the ESC prefix.  There doesn't appear a way to have them use the 8th bit
instead.  Xterm should work well by default.  Aterm and rxvt should work well
when started with the "--meta8" argument.  You can also tweak resources like
"metaSendsEscape", "eightBitInput" and "eightBitOutput".
---------------------

in the modern terminals (like iTerm / gnome-terminal), typing unicode characters
 will be encoded as utf-8 and transfer to vim, which may contains the 8th bit.

Will vim recognize utf-8 data stream as some meta-* key strokes  ?

Should I always set <M-a> - <M-z> to ^[a - ^[z in terminal to avoid that 
mistake ?

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