> For example, if I'm editing a file, and the file has been
> modified by external tool, say echo foo >> file, since the
> last time I haved saved, then now after I'm finishing the
> editings and want to write the file to disk, then vim will 
> warn that file has been changed, what should I do? 1) Abandon
> my editing; 2) Abandon the changes by external tool. Both of
> them are not so good.

If something has changed the file that I'm currently editing 
(such as a parallel edit session or a automated script), I'll 
often yank my buffer into a new one:

   :%y
   :new
   :0put
   :$d

then switch back to my original buffer and reload it:

   :e!

and compare the two buffers:

   :windo diffthis

(assuming only two windows are open...otherwise, visit each one 
and ":diffthis" on it.)

This allows me to get/put differences in the files.  If it was 
something that happened frequently, I'd likely create a few 
mappings to facilitate it.  Or perhaps the "DiffOrig" command 
(":help DiffOrig") instead.

-tim




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