Posted by Eugene Volokh:
Because I Write in English, Not Latin, Dammit:

   Just got an edit in which my "indexes" -- referring to the indexes at
   the backs of books -- was changed to "indices." I promptly changed in
   back.

   I don't feel that strongly about this (the forcefulness of this post's
   title is mild hyperbole), but I prefer to follow the English "-es"
   plural over the Latinate versions when possible. Sometimes only the
   Latin form may be common, and sometimes I'm just so used to the Latin
   version (consider "matrices," which is much more common than
   "matrixes," and I've thus heard mostly the former and rarely the
   latter). But when the two forms are equally common, I like to stick
   with English idiom.

   I realize that some people will think that I don't know the Latin
   version, but I can afford to live with that. Nothing wrong with
   "indices," mind you (though my sense is that it's more common for the
   plural of a mathematical index than for the plural of a book index);
   but when in doubt, I try to avoid the Latinate.

   The same journal, by the way, suggested that I change "ubermensches"
   to "ubermenschen" (though that might have been a bit of pedantic
   humor). No dice, Kameraden.

   By the way, "octopi" as a plural of "octopus" appears to have
   originated from a misunderstanding of the word's etymology (see [1]the
   Oxford English Dictionary folks' comment on this), except to the
   extent that it has simply been a bit of a joke. It's quite acceptable
   English now, but I bristle at it, and prefer "octopuses," if only to
   annoy the octopi fans.

References

   1. http://www.askoxford.com/asktheexperts/faq/aboutgrammar/plurals

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