Frank,
It might be extremely important not to use Serpentine. Here in California,
at least, it contains Asbestos. Fine particulates of the latter, as you
undoubtedly are aware, lodge in lung tissue. As many horrendous lawsuits
testify, that is a substance to stay far away from in any such application.
Mark
From: Jones Beene <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Reply-To: [email protected]
To: [email protected]
Subject: Re: "Clap" and the Beta-atmosphere
Date: Sat, 8 Oct 2005 07:30:12 -0700 (PDT)
Very interesting Frank,
As I was reading this, I was expecting to see
sonochemistry mentioned - and am somewhat surprised
that it is not an alternative way to get
nano-particles of (whatever) into the oil.
Of even greater interest would be the nano-chemistry
of carbon in good old H2O ... to be used as a "fuel"
of course.
Wouldn't you love to know what the minimum level of
nano-particulated coal which could be ignited in an
ICE - it could result in something like carbon
reforming in-situ and might very possibly power the
vehicle with less overall CO2 than than petrol - but
that is pure speculation based on the superior
properties of steam over CO2 for translating heat to
work .
BTW a friend of mine collects old glass bottles once
used in so-called "patent medicines" in the 1800s in
the USA. One of funniest was kind of like mugwump
http://www.answers.com/topic/mugwump-png
but aimed at recently freed slaves, and may have been
the genesis of the vulgar meaning of 'clap'...
anyway, I doubt if it invovled either sonchemistry or
a real cure, and in 100 years some teenage geeks will
be looking back at these old messages from 2005 and
get a similar laugh at our level of ignorance. That is
progress...
Jones
==========================================================
> Oct 6th 2005
> From The Economist print edition
>
> A dose of Clap
>
> Putting dust in your engine sounds crazy. But it
> might
> not be.
>
> ALTHOUGH they need to fire their brand
> consultants, the
> inventors of Clap — an additive intended to
> improve the
> fuelefficiency of car engines—seem to be on to
> something.
> By pulverising a mineral called serpentine into
> particles
> a millionth of a millimetre in diameter, they have
> come
> up with an additive which, they claim, can improve
> the
> fuel consumption of old car engines by as much as
> 10%.
> And, a millionth of a metre being a nanometre
> (sic),
> they are also claiming that their product is an
> example
> of that much talked of, but little-seen field
> known as
> nanotechnology.
>
> The Clap project began in 1979 at the presciently
> named
> Institute of Nanotechnology in Moscow. The idea
> was to
> produce not a fuel additive, but a lubricant
> additive.
> The institute's engineers, led by Fiodor
> Wischnjewsky,
> thought that adding a suitably fine powder to an
> old
> engine's oil would effect continuous running
> repairs by
> filling in tiny cracks and abrasions in the
> cylinders
> and pistons. These irregularities make combustion
> inefficient, which increases both fuel consumption
> and
> pollution.
>
> This being first the Soviet Union and then Russia,
>
> nothing much happened until 2002 when Francesco
> Meneguzzo, an engineer at the Biometeorology
> Laboratory
> in Florence, got wind of the project. Then things
> started
> moving.
>
> The Italians ditched the Russians' efforts to
> design
> copper, zinc, aluminium and silver nanopowders.
> These
> rendered the oil too fluid. Instead, they
> concentrated
> on serpentine, a substance rich in magnesium
> silicate
> which was found to cling efficiently to the
> internal
> surfaces of all common petrol and diesel engines.
>
> The problem was how to crush this mineral into
> small
> enough particles on an industrial scale.
> Industrial
> grinding mills made of hardened steel cannot be
> used
> since they release heavy metals into the milled
> rock,
> replicating the problems of metallic nanopowders.
> To
> overcome this, the engineers came up with a
> two-stage
> process, the first stage of which goes back to the
>
> origins of grinding mills by employing actual
> millstones
> made of granite. The second stage is ultramodern,
> though.
> The particles of mineral-flour made by the
> millstones are
> blown into nanosmithereens by tiny electrical
> charges.
>
> The result, which requires a half-gram dose to be
> squirted into a car's oil every 40,000km, will go
> on
> sale in December. Old cars may soon, therefore, be
>
> clapped out in more senses than one
>
>
>
==========================================================
>
>
> When I was researching the strength of clays and
> stabilized
> soils, preparation of the material entailed mixing
> in a sun
> and planet mixer of the type used in the food
> industry.
> Depending on the moisture content the material
> reached an
> equilibrium at a particular grading of lump sizes.
> As any
> gardener would expect, the average lump size
> decreased as
> the moisture content decreased.
>
> At the equilibrium grading point there are two
> processes
> taking place. The larger lumps are being broken up
> into
> smaller lumps and the smaller lumps are coalescing
> into
> larger lumps. Individual mineral grains therefor are
>
> travelling up and down the lump size in a similar
> manner
> to, say, the way that individual water or air
> molecules
> travel up and down the vortex spectrum.
>
> To my surprise a literature search showed that in
> any
> mixing grinding process a similar equilibrium
> grading
> is formed. For instance if you grind up marble
> eventually
> you reach as stage where the particles of marble are
>
> "cold welding" themselves together as fast as they
> are
> being broken up.
>
> I believe that in grinding up the serpentine mineral
> as
> described above the manufacturers must have reached
> such
> an equilibrium boundary at well above the nano-scale
>
> size and that is why they had to find some other
> method
> to take them on down to the nano-scale.
>
> Now we have met the action of sparks before and
> suggested
> that they generate Beta-atmosphere vacua in the form
> of
> Beta-atmosphere vortices. I believe that is how the
> serpentine minerals are being broken up into
> nano-sized
> particles. In effect the serpentine is falling apart
>
> because it is no longer being held together by
> ambient
> external Beta-atmosphere pressure.
>
> Assuming the above view is correct, I doubt if
> serpentine
> is essential to process. I would imagine that many
> other
> minerals would be as good or better.
>
> Cheers,
>
> Frank Grimer
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
