the entirety of the quantum condition exists within a subset of Newtonian mechanics... The Quantum Condition and an Elastic Limit, free full text, 2014 Frank Znidarsic PE: Rich Murray 2015.02.05 http://rmforall.blogspot.com/2015/02/the-entirety-of-quantum-condition.html
"This author suggests that this extension analysis may demonstrate that the entirety of the quantum condition exists within a subset of Newtonian mechanics." http://benthamopen.com/CHEM/VOLUME/1/ http://benthamopen.com/FULLTEXT/CHEM-1-21 Open Chemistry Journal ISSN: 1874-8422 ― Volume 1, 2014 The Quantum Condition and an Elastic Limit Frank Znidarsic P.E. Registered Professional Engineer, State of Pennsylvania Abstract Charles-Augustin de Coulomb introduced his equations over two centuries ago. These equations quantified the force and the energy of interacting electrical charges. The electrical permittivity of free space was factored into Coulomb’s equations. A century later James Clear Maxwell showed that the velocity of light emerged as a consequence this permittivity. These constructs were a crowning achievement of classical physics. In spite of these accomplishments, the philosophy of classical Newtonian physics offered no causative explanation for the quantum condition. Planck’s empirical constant was interjected, ad-hoc, into a description of atomic scale phenomena. Coulomb’s equation was re-factored into the terms of an elastic constant and a wave number. Like Coulomb’s formulation, the new formulation quantified the force and the energy produced by the interaction of electrical charges. The Compton frequency of the electron, the energy levels of the atoms, the energy of the photon, the speed of the atomic electrons, and Planck’s constant, spontaneously emerged from the reformulation. The emergence of these quantities, from a classical analysis, extended the realm of classical physics into a domain that was considered to be exclusively that of the quantum. Keywords: Atomic radii, photoelectric effect, Planck’s constant, the quantum condition. Article Information Identifiers and Pagination: Year: 2014 Volume: 1 First Page: 21 Last Page: 26 Publisher Id: CHEM-1-21 DOI: 10.2174/1874842201401010021 Article History: Received Date: 26/06/2014 Revision Received Date: 28/07/2014 Acceptance Date: 02/09/2014 Electronic publication date: 28/11/2014 Collection year: 2014 © Frank Znidarsic P.E.; Licensee Bentham Open. Open-Access License: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. * Address correspondence to this author at 481 Boyer St, Johnstown Pa 15906, USA; Tel: 814 505 4638; E-mail: fznidar...@aol.com 1. INTRODUCTION One school of thought holds that the universe is constructed of continuous stuff. Newton’s laws of motion and Einstein’s theory of Special and General Relativity operate upon this continuum. Coulomb’s equation describes the continuous nature of the electrical field. Maxwell employed Coulomb’s equation and described the wavelike properties of light. Another school of thought holds that the universe is constructed of particle like things. These things were quantified with Planck’s empirical constant. Einstein used Planck’s constant and introduced the particle of light. Niels Bohr showed that an atom’s electrons reside in discrete particle like energy levels [1] The philosophy of quantum mechanics precisely describes the lumpiness of the quantum realm. This philosophy could not explain why the quantum realm was lumpy. Max Planck searched for a classical principle that would establish the state of the quantum. It has been over a century since Planck’s quest and no classical principle was discovered. The Copenhagen Interpretation of quantum physics was introduced in order to offer some explanation [2-4]. This interpretation describes a probability based reality. The everyday classical realm, of our experience, is only a subset of this mysterious reality. The classically wired human mind cannot intuitively grasp the condition of the quantum reality. This quandary has become the accepted norm. Znidarsic refactored Coulomb’s equation into the terms of an elastic constant Ke and a displacement Rc. The elasticity of the electron, like that of a rubber band, is greatest as it just begins to expand. It diminishes, from that maximum, with displacement. The Compton frequency, of the electron, emerges as this elasticity acts upon the mass of the electron. In general, the wave like properties of stuff emerge as a condition of this elastic constant. It was assumed that the electron has a classical limit to its elasticity. An electron expels the field of another through a process of elastic failure. The displacement, of the elastic discontinuity, equals classical radius of the electron Rc. The wave number of the electromagnetic field was produced as an effect of this elastic discontinuity. In general, the particle like properties of things emerge as a condition of this wave number. The duality of matter and waves emerges as an effect of the interaction of the elastic constant and the wave number. The elastic constant was used to determine the speed of a longitudinal mechanical wave in the nucleus. The quantum condition emerged when the speed of this longitudinal nuclear wave was set equal to the speed of transverse electronic wave. In more general terms, the quantum condition was described as a point where the speed of sound equals the speed of light. The speed match is conceptually equivalent that of one billiard ball directly impacting another. The second ball promptly adsorbs all of the kinetic energy and flies away at the speed of the impacting ball. One snap of sound is emitted. Likewise, a single photon is emitted, during the quantum transition. A prompt, single step, transfer of energy is a characteristic of a system of matched impedances. The particle like properties of things emerged, within stuff, at points of matching impedance. The analysis introduced an “impedance matching” interpretation of quantum physics. The quantification of this impedance match produced elements of the quantum condition within a subset of Newtonian mechanics. [ free full text -- commonsense notions lucidly expressed via simple calculus ] CONCLUSION Coulomb’s equation has been used to quantify the force and the energy of the electric interaction. Maxwell extended Coulomb’s formations and produced the speed of light. These accomplishments were a crowning achievement of classical physics. The philosophy of classical physics could not explain the discrete quantum properties of matter and energy. Planck’s constant was injected, into a set of classical constructs, in an effort to qualify the lumpiness of the quantum realm. This author refactored Coulomb’s equation into terms of an elastic constant and a wave number. The elastic constant quantified the wave like properties of stuff and the wave number quantified the particle like properties of things. The analysis, in this paper, was used to describe a small, but important, portion of the quantum condition. This author suggests that this extension analysis may demonstrate that the entirety of the quantum condition exists within a subset of Newtonian mechanics. 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