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From: JonesBeene<mailto:jone...@pacbell.net> Sent: Wednesday, August 23, 2017 9:00 AM To: Vortex List<mailto:vortex-l@eskimo.com> Subject: RE: [Vo]:There's the rub ... Questions: At page 26 of the report (one of the best/complete experimental reports I have read) says hydrogen is used -----" After a reaction metal sample has been fabricated, the activation treatment, where the sample is maintained under a hydrogen gas atmosphere at high temperatures, dissociates deuterium molecules into atomic deuterium on the metal surface, and the amount of dissociated deuterium increases with increasing treatment time.” Should this say deuterium? Was there a measurement of helium in the residual deuterium after the 30 days of reaction? Was the spectrum of the light being emitted measured for specific frequencies? Bob Cook ___________________ To clarify: * …But why not run pure hydrogen against pure deuterium, since there is less chance of fouling the D2 side, by using the other reactor? The results would be most informative since we know that nickel alone does not work with deuterium. A natural suspicion is that nickel is taking the place of silver (in electrolysis cells where Pd-Ag is used). If excess is seen with protium – then perhaps Mizuno can get beyond the idea that this is the same kind of reaction as P&F pioneered. Actually glow discharge has been replicated many times but without great fanfare – see Naudin’s fine effort: http://quanthomme.free.fr/jlnlabs/cfr/index.htm Going back 20 years (to the previous century) the original form of plasma electrolysis was called the "Ohmori-Mizuno Effect" and generally used a tungsten cathode in a liquid electrolyte with no vacuum. In this effect, thermal gain was demonstrated at high power and low COP in a plasma with both light water and heavy water. Mizuno then did many refinements, mostly using heavy water and then moving onto gas phase but he has or had patents (applications) for almost every permutation. Liquid-phase plasma electrolysis is simpler to do but extremely hard on the electrodes and the runs are short. This is due to oxide ions and high current electrochemistry. Gas phase and glow discharge is more likely to be commercialized. Glow discharge is lower current which can operate for years - with the common examples being fluorescent lamps<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorescent_lamp>. As for operating parameters, one can find support for many of these combinations being gainful in a plasma regime of around a few hundred volts. 1. Tungsten cathode – light water or heavy water – not glow 2. Palladium cathode – light or heavy water – not glow 3. Palladium/nickel cathode – gas-phase deuterium in glow discharge regime. The last one is of most interest, especially if the gas is H2 not D2. But - the one combination that Mizuno mentions as failing – deuterium gas phase with only nickel as the electrode – no palladium is curious. PLUS - If D2 is used, as Claytor is noted for doing – tritium is expected. Mizuno makes no mention of that. This experiment may be the start of something very important, as mentioned - even if there is a long history of overlooked positive reports in plasma electrolysis. The high power level is almost demanded these days – several hundred watts minimum. There is ample evidence of gain in many different forms going back to the original Ohmori-Mizuno Effect (liquid phase) which is far simpler to pull off but probably not commercializable due to electrode degradation. It would seem possible that the simplest way to move forward for those who want to approach high power glow discharge is gas phase H2 - so as to avoid tritium. Sooner or later – if Claytor is to be believed, Mizuno will look for tritium and find it. .
