Time flies … as they say. Four years ago there was a neglected insight on one relevant detail:
Nanoporous iron oxide catalyst is featured in this article from Nature. The Holmlid coupling mechanism, which is no-obvious, could thereby be disclosed. http://www.nature.com/articles/srep09733 There are six different nanostructures for iron oxide. Notably, in one of the pictured nanostructures (called “porous spheres” figure 3) a broad absorption edge at 535 nm was observed, which is a bit coincidental, no? Figure 1 (d) shows nanocubes of about the optimal size. This light frequency is associated with a double excitation process which is also responsible for the red color of α-Fe2O3 phase. This is the laser frequency used by Holmlid. Note: the absorption frequency of light - wrt the color seen by the human eye are not the same. Thus, a powder which appears red to the eye can be strongly absorbent for green light (535 nm). ERGO resonance is found and it may have been serendipitous as there is no indication that other frequencies have been tried. This may mean that the potassium ion hydrogenates the iron and that absorbed coherent light can then couple to protons in a nanocavity. One suspects that the nanocavities should be optimally sized at ~23 nm. ------------------------------------------- Other relevant details - a wavelength of 22.8 nanometers corresponds to an energy of 54.4 eV. Everyone wants to find some kind of resonance which causes proton annihilation, but is resonance a valid consideration? The laser light used by Holmlid has a frequency of 532 nm or thousands of times longer than the diameter of the catalyst (potassium ion) or the hydrogen. The diameter of the dense hydrogen is not known with certainty and is different in Mills’ concept compared to Holmlid’s - but is probably in the range of tens of picometers. Therefore, it is unlikely that EM or photonic coupling resonance is involved between the coherent light and of the target even of there is a cluster of hundreds of atoms. Spin could be involved in some other way. For instance, there could be 4D considerations (four spatial dimension). From: Axil Axil ➢ How might potassium catalyze the long chain like crystal structure typified in Ultra dense hydrogen? This is an excellent question as it goes to various theories - all of which are based on insufficient proof and conflict with each other in the details. Mills is apparently sticking by his step-wise drops in “redundant” ground states - whereas the weakest claim of Holmlid is the picometer spacing. They both could be partly correct and partly incorrect. The actual hydrogen density and the lifetime of the species is not clear. Most likely they are talking about the same species, but the parameters differ greatly. IMO - the best evidence for the dense species ever produced still comes from Thermacore and they were able to document EUV emission at 54.4 eV at Carnegie Mellon after a long excess heat run. This Rydberg energy level could be important in the quest for understanding as it relates to “superelastic” scattering in potassium as well as other favored resonances and is of course predicted by Mills as the IP2 level of hydrogen. According to Zeiner-Gundersen (Norront) a better catalyst has been found (superior to the Shell styrene catalyst) which is the one Holmlid uses and is basically iron oxide and potassium. However, the composition of it is a trade secret. My guess is that it contains nickel as well as potassium and possibly some palladium. It would be very helpful for theory - to know if the better catalyst of Norront still contains potassium but in any event, the EUV level of 54.4 eV (sometimes rounded up to 55 eV in older papers) will probably be a key. Jones
