On Aug 10, 2009, at 2:35 PM, [email protected] wrote:
In reply to Horace Heffner's message of Sun, 9 Aug 2009 21:00:22
-0800:
Hi Horace,
[snip]
The following update has been appended to:
http://mtaonline.net/~hheffner/ZPE-CasimirThrust.pdf
If the assumption is made that all mass is due to the ZPE, then the
change in
mass can be calculated as the change in energy density in the
cavity. This
should follow directly from the dimensions of the cavity, and the
excluded
wavelengths.
I think Hal already did this calculation in one of his papers,
though I'm afraid
I have no reference.
I don't recall seeing a paper that breaks out the inertia effect by
frequency, but there may well be one.
One major problem with the ideas in my article is the fact that the
majority of inertia is centered in the nucleus, which interacts
principally with much smaller frequencies than the electron shells.
This limits the effective mass right off to roughly Me/(Mp + Mn) =
2.721 x 10^-4 the total mass.
I think a central problem with all this is getting some kind of
experiment to unmistakably demonstrate an inertia reducing effect.
Also, unlike the ideas in:
http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/CasimirGenerator.pdf
http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/CasimirBoiler.pdf
which do not suffer the obvious flaw of violation conservation of
energy, all the concepts in this paper suffer from the glaring
violation of conservation of momentum. None of the concepts appear
to extract momentum from the ZPF directly. There are probably dozens
of ways momentum can rebalance that I have overlooked, like forces
between the pendula and the cavity walls, fringe effects, etc. Still,
I think all the concepts are good food for thought.
There may however be another problem. The whole theory is based
upon the
exclusion of the ZPE in small cavities. However I suspect that this
assumes that
the walls of the cavity contain enough matter to effectively shield
the cavity.
If many minute cavities are placed close together, then this may no
longer be
true.
A valid point I think. Some years ago, in a discussion related to
Art's parts, I suggested the possibility of using a switchable or
variable Casimir cavity which entirely surrounds a larger cavity as a
method of screening the ZPF from the larger cavity. If inertia inside
a large cavity can be fast switched, then there are practically
unlimited possibilities for inertial drives. If a large volume
screening effect does exist, with regards to inertia, then it will
affect the design as proposed, but open up other design
possibilities. For example, a bunch of pendula can vibrate
synchronously with the cut-off of the ZPF. No worries then about
having to provide small Casimir cavities for each pendulum.
The above may be a very valid criticism of the free energy from the
ZPF ideas. I think any such device is limited in the amount of
energy it can extract by the amount of flow if ZPF energy (in the
spectrum used by the device) to the device, which occurs at light
speed. A possible exception to this is that higher frequency ZPF
virtual photons might be down shifted in frequency by nearby matter,
the matter of the device itself, by causing vibrations of charged
particles, especially nuclear particles. These charged particles,
being sources of virtual photons themselves, may then have the
capacity to increase the lower frequency virtual photon flux. All
guesswork.
Here's a relevant old post:
On Jul 19, 2003, at 9:16 AM, Horace Heffner wrote:
Since Art's parts have been raised as an issue related to my
suggestion of
using a large cavity shielded fromt he ZPF in a oscillating manner to
achieve inertial thrust, it seems appropriate to discuss the parts
some.
According to <http://anw.com/aliens/ArtsParts.htm> the layered
material
taken from the Roswell crash site consisted of magnesium layers of 20
microns separated by extremely pure bismuth layers of 3-4
microns. This
makes for a vry interesting material for excluding the ZPF from a
cavity,
in that Bi is superconducting and Mg is not. The Mg may simply
provide a
lightweight structure to support the thin layers of bismuth.
Of further interest is the notation on the above URL of the
ability of
bismuth to expand up to 400 percent. Also possibly related is the
fact
that Bi has a compartively high superconducing Tk of 6.17 - 2.6 K
in thin
layer, 3.9 K or more under pressure. In bulk form Bi is not
superconducting unless under pressure of at least 28 kbar.
It is thus possible that the Bismuth can provide exactly the kind of
variable shielding required for generting inertial thrust, i.e.
can act as
a fast ZPF window, as noted earlier in this thread. It can
possibly do this
in two ways. First, by applying negative pressure, i.e. sufficiently
expanding the bismuth layer, its superconducting property might be
reduced
or eliminated. This does not seem to be a such a good thing in that
regaining superconductivity would take both time and energy.
However, if
the bismuth can be stretched somewhat without losing
supercondutivity, then
a variable frequency ZPF exclusion band is created. This would
only be of
use if the materials (i.e. the electrons in the materials) to be
used in
the inertial drive were sensitive to ZPF frequency.
What is surprsing to me, assuming that the purpose of the material
is to
shield selected freqencies of the ZPF from a large cavity device,
is the
seemingly comparatively long wavelength of the excluded energy.
Assuming
3.5 micron layer of Bi, this would exclude a roughly 7 micron
wavelength,
i.e 7x10^-8 meters. This corresponds to an energy E = h*c/lambda
~= 18 eV.
Sound familiar?
Regards,
Horace Heffner
Regards,
Robin van Spaandonk
http://rvanspaa.freehostia.com/Project.html
Best regards,
Horace Heffner
http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/
