Earlier I wrote: "Once the hypothesis of one of more deflated
electrons and a de-energized composite nucleus comes into play the
situation with regard to spin and other constraints becomes more
complex, especially if there are numerous deflated (negative energy)
electrons in the nucleus initially. One consequence of deflation
fusion theory is that these electrons play a continuously changing
role in the nucleus through time, as their wavefunctions expand out
of the nucleus proper due to zero point field pressure. The problem
then is how to determine composite spin and to account for spin
conservation, as well as the decay probabilities which change through
time. The decay time for de-energized compound nuclei is much longer
that for conventional compound nuclei."
One possible way to model the deflated state electrons post-fusion,
and somewhat in an alternative view to the above, is as ordinary
thermalized particles. As the deflated electrons escape the hydrogen
nuclei to which they were lightly bound upon tunneling into a heavy
nucleus they can be modeled as picking up kinetic energy via kinetic
interaction with the nearby nucleons within the heavy nucleus. The
zero point energy of nucleons in heavy nuclei is very high, on MeV
order. For a prospective table of such energies see:
http://mtaonline.net/~hheffner/NuclearZPEtapping.pdf
The kinetic energies of the nucleons powerfully affect decay
channels, because nucleon energy affects, in an exponential fashion,
the probability of nucleons escaping the strong force barrier. When
lightly bound (on the order of 14 eV) electrons enter the heavy
nucleus as part of a neutral hydrogen entity, i.e. in the deflated
state, they do not gain kinetic energy from the tunneling event
except from the magnetic potential changes. In effect, their kinetic
energy becomes mismatched with their mean orbital radius. Their
Hamiltonian is suddenly changed to a highly negative regime. The
electrons are trapped initially, highly bound to the new compound
nucleus. However, if the prospect of kinetic energy thermalization
of such electrons bound within the nucleus is accepted as a feasible
(and that is not a long stretch of imagination because it is known
that free electrons can pick up thermal nuclear energy when colliding
with nuclei), then modeling the trapped electron cloud over time is
feasible. A trapped electron picks up heat from the nucleons,
momentarily reducing the nucleus heat, until eventually enough
kinetic energy is picked up by the electron to escape the nucleus.
This process is delayed due to the free electron radiating as it is
thermalized toward nuclear temperature. Note that the energy of such
electrons would tend to be near ground state when they eventually
managed to escape, because they would tend to thermalize in small
increments. As soon as an electron exceeds the escape energy
threshold the thermalization process stops. Electrons in the high
end tail of the thermal energy distribution escape.
As trapped electrons increase kinetic energy and expand their orbital
transits outside the nucleus, and in effect build a negative cloud
just outside the nuclear boundaries, the probability of proton or
alpha particle escape from the nucleus is increased for three
reasons: (1) the negative charge within the nucleus is reduced,
thereby reducing the electron's Coulombic contribution to the the
nucleus binding energy, (2) the negative cloud beyond the nuclear
boundary increases the probability of positive charges escaping
(tunneling through) the boundary of the nucleus, and (3) the bound
electrons interacting with protons on the surface of the nucleus
provide increasing amounts of kinetic energy to some of those surface
protons as the electrons thermalize to nuclear temperature, widening
the surface proton thermal energy distribution. On the other hand,
the overall temperature of the heavy nucleus drops initially,
reducing the prospect of disintegration of any kind. Here is where
zero point energy primarily comes into play. The nuclear
temperature, which was reduced by the negative energy electrons, and
further reduced by electron radiation, is eventually restored to
normal by the zero point field.
For this kind of long lasting (in nuclear time frames) process to
unfold, the initial nucleus energy (as shown in brackets in the
reports) must be negative. If long lasting reactions do occur, then
prospects for weak reactions, such as electron capture or beta decay,
increase.
Best regards,
Horace Heffner
http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/
