Its so simple.
A Black Box Test must be made like this:

Energy in --> [Blackbox] --> Energy out.

The content of the blackbox may been kept secret.
Even more, the content of the blackbox /must/ been kept secret.

This means no assumptions about the contents of the blackbox are allowed.
Anything inside the box must been treated as unknown and undocumented.
So we cannot say, "this box makes dry steam and we can calculate the energy from the amount of water consumed."

We must say "this box delivers thermal energy and because at the end of the hose there is steam and water visible, we must use a calorimetric method that is capable to measure this water steam mixture reliably".

The inventor is /disallowed/ to give (eventually misleading) information or suggestions about the functionality of the black box.

It is /disallowed/ to make any assumptions about the contents of the box.
But anything outside must be accessible without restrictions and measured /with redundancy/ and witnessed by independent and competent people.

Peter

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