OK, here's another approach as food for thought: the expanding CO2
can be channelled through a fluidic amplifier, with side jets drivin
piezo crystals at high frequencies. Multiple stage amplifiers can be
used to reduce electronic power input demand. Multiple power units
tuned out of phase can be used to reduce noise loss. The large
cylindrical piezos with large annular cavities used for submarine
sonars might work pretty well. Waste heat can be fed back into the
system at high COP using ordinary heat pump techniques.
On Dec 3, 2011, at 1:50 AM, Robert Lynn wrote:
The small gaps needed to make a hydrodynamic bearing using CO2 make
the friction much worse. Turbines attached to high speed
generators are good because the high rotor surface velocities mean
less surface area is needed, making the generator smaller, lighter
and cheaper. Unfortunately it just doesn't work for CO2 because of
the high density fluid friction.
Because of their low velocities linear generators need a lot of
magnets and surface area making them very big and expensive.
On 2 December 2011 21:09, Horace Heffner <[email protected]>
wrote:
This is an interesting problem. At thin film tolerances liquids or
even compressed air act like a lubricant. It may be worthwhile to
consider conical thin film CO2 bearings. The surface of an
armature can be made smooth and cylindrical or nearly cylindrical
but slightly conical, if necessary using a thin steel enclosure.
The armature could of course be a continuation of the turbine
shaft. The stators could be located outside the shaft.
The high pressure CO2 could be directed in part to the bearings,
thus allowing the high pressure side to act as the equivalent of an
oil pump for an internal combustion engine.
The armature in such a configuration need not contain permanent
magnets or coils. The stator coils and cores cold be located
outside the pressure envelope. The armature could consist of the
equivalent of one or more U shaped magnetic flux conductors, making
and breaking the magnetic circuit with rotation.
For very small units a turbine could be avoided entirely, by using
a free sliding linear motion armature, driven in a manner similar
to old steam engine pistons. The armature would simply make or
break one or two external magnetic circuits to generate power. It
would oscillate back and forth like a frictionless air hockey puck.
A very small LENR unit could be used to charge an EV battery 24
hours a day.
All just food for thought.
On Dec 2, 2011, at 4:48 AM, Robert Lynn wrote:
Having looked into this in detail recently (I was thing the same
thing) the frictional losses on the surface of the generator rotor
are just too high compared to the magnetic fields that exist in
the rotor air gap and you end up wasting all of your efficiency
gains on CO2 friction on the rotor. It is like trying to run the
rotor at high speed while it is surrounded by water.
On 2 December 2011 12:56, Horace Heffner <[email protected]>
wrote:
Thanks to Jouni for a great reference!
I don't see any reason CO2 turbomachinery in application with LENR
could not be sealed in a high pressure envelope involving no
moving seals. The transactions are heat in and out and
electricity out. The generator would have to be brushless, but
that is no problem.
On Dec 2, 2011, at 12:03 AM, Robert Lynn wrote:
CO2 turbomachinery is not scalable to less than perhaps a few
hundred kW due to the extremely high density of CO2 (100's of
times air density), and very expensive seals. In a distributed
generation LENR world it will have pretty limited applications;
maybe aircraft, trucks, trains and ships, but with Gas turbines
so simple (no radiators required) and heat so cheap I don't think
you would bother with CO2.
On 2 December 2011 00:17, Aussie Guy E-Cat
<[email protected]> wrote:
Quote: "The Brayton cycle could yield 20 megawatts of
electricity from a package with a volume as small as four cubic
meters." Wow 1.6 x 1.6 x 1.6 mtrs for 20 Ac MWs at 46% thermal to
electrical energy conversion! Another total game changer. The
good news just keeps on happening. So much for 2012 being the end
of the world. Baby it is just starting to come together. We are
on steroids and moving at light speed into a new era of thermal
and electrical energy production. Jouni thanks for that amazing
link. You made my day.
AG
On 12/2/2011 10:22 AM, Jouni Valkonen wrote:
I am a great fan of this Cyclone engine. There is also similar
emergencing technology that uses super critical carbondioxide
instead of super critical water. The main benefit of going into
super critical is that the efficiency can go up to 46% for heat
engine. And also with carbon dioxide temperatures can be as low
as 250-300 °C.
*Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Brayton Cycle Turbines Promise
Giant Leap in Power Generation*
ScienceDaily (Mar. 4, 2011) — /Sandia National Laboratories
researchers are moving into the demonstration phase of a novel
gas turbine system for power generation, with the promise that
thermal-to-electric conversion efficiency will be increased to as
much as 50 percent -- an improvement of 50 percent for nuclear
power stations equipped with steam turbines, or a 40 percent
improvement for simple gas turbines. The system is also very
compact, meaning that capital costs would be relatively low./
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/03/110304090459.htm
This water based Cyclone engine should be in every aspect (moving
parts, friction, noise, vibrations, efficiency, weight,
pollution, and waste motor oil) at least twice if not thrice as
good as traditional internal combustion engine. If someone would
invent an internal combustion engine today, it would be ridiculed
as impossible, due to unsurpassing material and engineering
challenges. External combustion or electric engines are just way
too much simple and easy technologies compared to to internal
combustion engines.
–Jouni
Best regards,
Horace Heffner
http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/
