"Cooper pairing" is a quantum effect of protons which has been mentioned by Axil and others wrt Rossi. Cooper pairing is possible in all Fermions, not just electrons. This terminology is a bit confusing, and it is too bad we do not have a different name for it with protons - since Leon Cooper did not go that far.
This paper from Leinson relates to a cooling effect seen in neutron stars, claimed to be due to Cooper pairing of protons. I was not aware that substantial numbers of protons even existed in neutron stars. http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/hep-ph/pdf/0009/0009050v2.pdf Anyway, the cooling mechanism consists of shedding of neutrinos from paired protons. If the phenomenon exists in neutron stars on a massive scale, then perhaps it exists in "dense clusters" or IRH (inverted Rydberg hydrogen) on a lesser scale. But it is a cooling effect ! This is extremely important for a little known reason (except to a few vorticians). In Brian Ahern's work on the "Arata effect", which is probably the same thing as the "Thermacore/Piantelli/Rossi/Ni-H effect" - but is NOT the F-P effect - Ahern has found both anomalous heating and anomalous COOLING. The only thing which changes is interatomic spacing . The cross-connection of these temperature anomalies to BCS superconductivity is curious in light of Cooper pairing at temperatures which are not near absolute zero. I do not place a lot of faith in Leinson's paper yet, for several reason, and Ahern's report to EPRI has not been released for publication yet. But when it is - perhaps we will be able to tie a lattice cooling effecting with dense hydrogen (pycno or IRH) into a range of expected and predictable phenomena - along with Romanowski. It is all about interatomic geometry in the 1-3 Angstrom range (Figures 1,2,3 in the Romanowski paper). But a cooling effect is so extremely surprising - especially in similar circumstances to where anomalous heating is seen - that we should take special note of it all - especially with the missing ingredient : "compreture". Jones
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