EMF escape to the far field (lightning) is countered by "the evanescent wave".
There is an EMF power amplification factor of up to 10 to the 15 power experimentally demonstrated by nanolenzes formed by nanowires and nanoparticles. This is before the chemical probes that measure this power level are destroyed by the EMF originating from the “hot spot". An evanescent wave exits in the near-field of a reflecting surface of the nano-particle chain with an intensity that exhibits exponential decay with distance from the boundary at which the wave was formed. Evanescent waves are a general property of wave-equations, and can in principle occur in any context to which a wave-equation applies. They are formed at the boundary between two media with different wave motion properties, and are most intense within one third of a wavelength from the surface of formation. This is the reason why electric arcing and dielectric boundaries are important in LENR. EMF amplification involves solutions of Maxwell’s equations and boundary conditions where imaginary solutions are manifest. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evanescent_wave The total and perfect internal reflection of EMF is a feature of sub-wavelength optics which perfectly store EMF energy in a dark mode within intense vortex currents. On Wed, Aug 21, 2013 at 11:12 PM, Daniel Rocha <[email protected]>wrote: > Beware with the breakdown current. At some point, there will be a > lightning putting the metal structures under equilibrium again. You have to > somehow insulate the elements until a given moment when you, then, will > remove the insulation. Or you can put them separated and then slowly move > them together, although I'd consider this a rather unstable proces. > > > 2013/8/21 Axil Axil <[email protected]> > >> The Ni/H reactor design allows for a huge amplification factor produced >> by many nanoparticles in chains. >> >> >> >> >> >> An important problem in ’plasmonics’ is the question of how micro/nano >> particles should be designed and arranged with respect to each other to >> produce the strongest possible field enhancement. >> >> >> >> One possible solution to this problem is the configuration of a >> self-similar chain of particles with decreasing diameters >> >> >> >> [K. Li, M. I. Stockman, and D. J. Bergman.Self-similar chain of metal >> nanospheres as an efficient nanolens.Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 227402 (2003). >> >> >> >> >> http://www.phy-astr.gsu.edu/stockman/data/PRL_91_27402_2003_Stockman_Nanolens.pdf] >> >> >> >> >> Self-similarity requires that radii Ri and the distances di,i+1 of the >> spheres i and i+1 are connected by the simple relations Ri+1 = ·Ri and >> di+1,i+2 = ·kdi,i+1 where · k<< 1. The last condition ensures that the >> field of a given nanoparticle is only a weak perturbation of the previous, >> bigger particle. The self-similarity is not a necessary condition but it >> allows for an elegant notation. All particles are considered in the >> electrostatic limit. >> >> >> >> Now, if each of the particles enhances its driving field by a certain >> factor (a), then the cumulative effect of the chain of particles is a field >> enhancement on the order of (a)n where n is the number of particles. In >> other words, the enhanced field of the largest particle acts as an >> excitation field for the next smaller particle. The resulting enhanced >> field of this second particle then acts as the excitation field for the >> next smaller particle, and so on. For the system depicted in Fig. 12.23 of >> >> >> >> Chapter 12 >> >> Surface plasmons >> >> >> >> >> http://www.optics.rochester.edu/workgroups/novotny/courses/OPT463/plasmonss.pdf >> >> >> >> >> >> assuming a moderate a » 10, leads to a total field enhancement of »1000 >> (every factor of 10 particles produces an enhancement of 1000 or 10 to the >> power of 3). As we will see in the following section, field enhancements of >> at least 1000 are necessary to observe the Raman scattering of single >> molecules adsorbed onto rough metal structures. >> >> >> >> Assume the largest particle is 7*10^^-6 (7 microns) and the smallest is a >> nanometer or 10^^-9 , then the size difference is 1.4 * 10^^4 >> >> >> >> There is a particle size amplification of about 10000. If there are >> 10,000 nanoparticles in the chain, there will be 1000 to the power of 3 >> particle enhancement factor or 1,000,000,000. >> >> >> >> That is a total enhancement factor of 10,000,000,000,000. Add the >> million volt nanowire enhancement in with the particle number/size >> enhancement and you get a big number. >> >> >> >> >> >> >> > > > > -- > Daniel Rocha - RJ > [email protected] >
