From: Eric Walker
Jack Cole wrote:
But doesn't hydrogen/deuterium absorption by
palladium/nickel produce heat? I'm not saying this is not LENR. I'm trying
to see if there are alternative explanations.
The absorption of hydrogen and deuterium by palladium
produces a lot of heat. So heat transients by themselves aren't an
indication of LENR. I believe the way to address questions about the
importance of this particular process is to measure the heat over time and
add it up -- if the total energy implied by a series of temperature readings
well-exceeds what can be put out by such a process, then another explanation
must be sought. This is where long-running calorimetry becomes important.
This also highlights the point that - in addition to LENR and chemistry,
there are a couple of other possibilities for thermal gain, especially from
unpowered systems. This may be one of the “others”.There is fractional hydrogen - f/H (and/or the Mills hydrino) which is often lumped-in with LENR, but is more chemistry than nuclear. However, it normally requires energy input. And there is the zero point field – ZPE. ZPE may be more amenable to unpowered gain than any of the above. Here is a Puthoff paper from last year http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1204/1204.1952.pdf ZPE can manifest itself in the asymmetry of phase change, or in nanomagnetism, or in angular momentum of electron orbital (renormalization) or in electrogravity or in Roarty’s time distortion. If Mark I is tuned-in, he may add a few more. Absorption of protons into metals creates phase-change - and asymmetry is a known feature of a few kinds of phase-change. The main thing missing is how the “ultimate” source of energy which we simply label as ZPE - gets harnessed as excess heat. In naïve terms, when spillover hydrogen is created and absorbed on a nickel surface, the catalyst creates a “potential gain” of about 4.5 eV. That kind of gain cannot be maintained normally over time (or even more than once) and CoE usually holds, because the catalyst is quickly passivated. Enter ZPE. Consult with experts for the details. Cravens would probably disagree, but his experiment can look more like something Puthoff can explain more cogently than anyone else. (unless, of course helium or neutrons turn up then LENR may be at work but even then it could be the case of ZPE triggering LENR). Jones
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