At 07:18 PM 7/27/98 -0800, Suz wrote:
>Regardless of how Tamra feels, US Copyright Law states otherwise: unless
>created by an employee of a company or under a work for hire agreement, the
>artist owns the graphics. 

Opps! I didn't mean to make that sound as though I don't believe in the
copyright laws! As a writer, I really truly do.

However, unlike Suzanne, a lot of my projects involve taking images that
have already been created for the client and making them web-ready. Otter
Tail Power Company is a good example. The navigation graphics were created
as all originals by us, for the web site. Dianna, the graphic artist I
hired to make those nice nav devices, has the copyright on those images (I
didn't make her sign a work-for-hire, and the contract with OTPCO said
nothing about copyrights). But there are about a hundred other images on
the site, including drawings of elements of a power plant, that were all
from their print materials. Do I own the copyright on those just because I
scanned them in or resized someone else's TIFF? No way -- even when I add
drop shadows, or fancy edging, the *image* still belongs to the copyright
holder. My alterations don't make me the copyright holder, just the
production artist. Whoever made those original images is the copyright
holder. A lot of folks get very confused about this -- they think that if
they take a copyrighted image (say Snoopy) and make a few changes that they
become the copyright holder. Not true! 

A sad real world fact is that clients don't understand this copyright
stuff. In fact, they don't want to understand it -- because most of them
feel that if they pay for something, it's theirs. I've lost track of the
number of blank looks I've gotten when I've asked potential clients if they
have "all rights/web rights" to the pile of photos and drawings they want
me to scan in. (My favorite is the client with PowerPoint mockups of their
pages who can't understand why I can't just use the images from PowerPoint
on their web site....) A lot of these same owners have gone on and used
screen shots or portions of images from the web sites on some print
material -- and if I said "oh, you can't do that, you don't have rights"
would I get any more work from them? Not in this lifetime. So, for those
clients (and I can usually tell who they are in the first meeting) I don't
bother trying to keep copyright of anything, I just make sure the contact
gives me permission to use "their" design in my portfolio. (And yes, I have
had one client who wanted me to check with them and get permission before
showing any examples/printouts of their site to *anyone* -- do you think
they thought I had the copyright? No way!)

I fight as hard as I can for copyrights -- a chunk of my $$s is supporting
the National Writers Union's battles on this subject -- but sometimes the
need to get paid is a bigger necessity.  If I didn't acknowledge that most
of my clients are brain dead when it comes to understanding copyrights --
and if I didn't let them "win" sometimes -- I'd probably be out of business
by now. 

BTW, I think copyrights are the biggest issue of the 90's, and that the
anyone interested in copyrights should be paying close attention to UCC 2B
because it could wipe out a lot of creator's rights. Tech writers
especially -- there's a clause that makes technical and corporate writers
accountable for the accuracy and fitness of the info supplied by the
client! It's just a small step from there to making all of us responsible
for all the info on a web site -- and for making us responsible for any
copyright violations (i.e. when a client claims they have rights and gives
you an image and they don't and get sued). I don't have any online
references to UCC 2B -- I got my info from the summer print issue of the
American Writer -- but those of you interested can search for it and find
stuff I'm sure.

--Tamra Heathershaw-Hart


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