Little clarification:
name of the dbase: "nameofmydb". Port is 80. username is root and no
password. What would the equivalent call to this routine? I did this but
didn't get any results:
python extract_mysql_models.py nameofmydb localhost 80 root > db_model.py
Am I missing anything? But I do the following in python and it works fine.
import MySQLdb
import sys
import os
try:
db = MySQLdb.connect(host = 'localhost',user ='root',passwd = '',db =
'nameofmydb')
except Exception as e:
sys.exit('we cant get into the db');
cursor = db.cursor()
#Lets put some values into the db
cursor.execute('INSERT INTO catagory(name,id,text) VALUES("Peggy", "2",
"Missing Tom here")')
#lets fetch and output
cursor.execute('SELECT *FROM catagory')
results = cursor.fetchall()
print results
>>>(('Peggy', 2L, 'Missing Tom here'))
On Saturday, June 18, 2016 at 9:12:17 AM UTC-4, Massimo Di Pierro wrote:
>
> Nice. In trunk!
>
> On Thursday, 16 June 2016 16:54:20 UTC-5, Kyle Flanagan wrote:
>>
>> I needed the ability to extract a DAL model from SQL Server. I based the
>> script below on extract_pgsql_models by Mariano Reingart, based in turn on
>> a script to "generate schemas from dbs" (mysql) by Alexandre Andrade. I'm
>> posting it here in hopes that it will be useful for others.
>>
>> Tested on Windows 7 on a SQL Server 2012 database. Make sure to replace
>> "mssql4://..." with the appropriate connection string if using a legacy SQL
>> Server database. You might also need to modify the pyodbc.connect
>> connection string driver to match a driver on your local PC.
>>
>> """Create web2py model (python code) to represent MS SQL Server tables.
>> Features:
>> * Uses ANSI Standard INFORMATION_SCHEMA (might work with other RDBMS)
>> * Detects legacy "keyed" tables (not having an "id" PK)
>> * Handles 'funny' column names. web2py requires all column names be valid
>> python identifiers. This script uses rname
>> * for column names that have spaces or are otherwise invalid python
>> identifiers.
>> * Connects directly to running databases, no need to do a SQL dump
>> * Handles notnull, unique and referential constraints
>> * Detects most common datatypes and default values
>> * Supports running from the command line as well as from an IDE's debug
>> menu. See the COMMAND_LINE_MODE constant below
>> * for more info.
>>
>> Requirements:
>> * Needs pyodbc python connector
>>
>> Created by Kyle Flanagan. Based on a script by Mariano Reingart which was
>> based on a script to "generate schemas from dbs" (mysql) by Alexandre Andrade
>> """
>>
>> _author__ = "Kyle Flanagan <[email protected] <javascript:>>"
>>
>> HELP = """
>> USAGE: extract_mssql_models db host port user passwd
>> Call with SQL Server database connection parameters,
>> web2py model will be printed on standard output.
>> EXAMPLE: python extract_mssql_models.py mydb localhost 3306 kflanaga pass
>> or
>> python extract_mssql_models.py mydb localhost 3306 kflanaga pass >
>> db_model.py
>> """
>>
>> # Config options
>> DEBUG = False # print debug messages to STDERR
>> SCHEMA = 'dbo'
>> COMMAND_LINE_MODE = True # running from command prompt. Disable to specify
>> variables and use in IDE
>> DB = None
>> HOST = None
>> USER = None
>> PASSWD = None
>> PORT = None
>>
>> # Constant for Field keyword parameter order (and filter):
>> KWARGS = ('type', 'length', 'default', 'required', 'ondelete',
>> 'notnull', 'unique', 'label', 'comment', 'rname')
>>
>> import sys
>> import re
>> # This is from pydal/helpers/regex.py as of 2016-06-16
>> # Use this to recognize if a field name need to have an rname representation
>> REGEX_VALID_TB_FLD = re.compile(r'^[^\d_][_0-9a-zA-Z]*\Z')
>> # For replacing invalid characters in field names
>> INVALID_CHARS = re.compile(r'[^a-zA-Z0-9_]')
>>
>>
>> def get_valid_column_name(field):
>> """Return a valid column name that follows Python's rules for
>> identifiers, which is what web2py requires for column
>> names. Replaces invalid characters with underscores and leading digits
>> with their associated English word."""
>> if not REGEX_VALID_TB_FLD.match(field):
>> # If the first character is a digit, replace it with its word
>> counterpart
>> if re.match(r'^[0-9]', field):
>> numbers = ['Zero', 'One', 'Two', 'Three', 'Four',
>> 'Five', 'Six', 'Seven', 'Eight', 'Nine']
>> field = numbers[int(field[0])] + field[1:]
>>
>> field = INVALID_CHARS.sub('_', field)
>> return field
>>
>>
>> def query(conn, sql, *args):
>> "Execute a SQL query and return rows as a list of dicts"
>> cur = conn.cursor()
>> ret = []
>> try:
>> if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, "QUERY: ", sql % args
>> cur.execute(sql % args)
>> for row in cur:
>> dic = {}
>> for i, value in enumerate(row):
>> field = cur.description[i][0]
>> dic[field] = value
>> if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, "RET: ", dic
>> ret.append(dic)
>> return ret
>> finally:
>> cur.close()
>>
>>
>> def get_tables(conn, schema=SCHEMA):
>> "List table names in a given schema"
>> rows = query(conn, """SELECT table_name FROM information_schema.tables
>> WHERE table_schema = '%s'
>> ORDER BY table_name""", schema)
>> return [row['table_name'] for row in rows]
>>
>>
>> def get_fields(conn, table):
>> "Retrieve field list for a given table"
>> if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, "Processing TABLE", table
>> rows = query(conn, """
>> SELECT column_name, data_type,
>> is_nullable,
>> character_maximum_length,
>> numeric_precision, numeric_precision_radix, numeric_scale,
>> column_default
>> FROM information_schema.columns
>> WHERE table_name='%s'
>> ORDER BY ordinal_position""", table)
>> return rows
>>
>>
>> def define_field(conn, table, field, pks):
>> "Determine field type, default value, references, etc."
>> f = {}
>> ref = references(conn, table, field['column_name'])
>> if ref:
>> f.update(ref)
>> elif field['column_default'] and \
>> field['column_default'].startswith("nextval") and \
>> field['column_name'] in pks:
>> f['type'] = "'id'"
>> elif field['data_type'].startswith('character'):
>> f['type'] = "'string'"
>> if field['character_maximum_length']:
>> f['length'] = field['character_maximum_length']
>> elif field['data_type'] in ('text', 'ntext'):
>> f['type'] = "'text'"
>> elif field['data_type'] in ('boolean', 'bit'):
>> f['type'] = "'boolean'"
>> elif field['data_type'] in ('tinyint', 'smallint', 'bigint', 'int'):
>> f['type'] = "'integer'"
>> elif field['data_type'] in ('real', 'float'):
>> f['type'] = "'double'"
>> elif field['data_type'] in ('datetime', 'datetime2', 'smalldatetime'):
>> f['type'] = "'datetime'"
>> elif field['data_type'] in ('timestamp',):
>> f['type'] = "'datetime'"
>> f['default'] = "request.now"
>> f['update'] = "request.now"
>> elif field['data_type'] in ('date',):
>> f['type'] = "'date'"
>> elif field['data_type'] in ('time',):
>> f['type'] = "'time'"
>> elif field['data_type'] in ('numeric', 'money', 'smallmoney', 'decimal'):
>> f['type'] = "'decimal'"
>> f['precision'] = field['numeric_precision']
>> f['scale'] = field['numeric_scale'] or 0
>> elif field['data_type'] in ('binary', 'varbinary', 'image'):
>> f['type'] = "'blob'"
>> elif field['data_type'] in ('point', 'lseg', 'polygon', 'unknown',
>> 'USER-DEFINED', 'sql_variant'):
>> f['type'] = "" # unsupported?
>> elif field['data_type'] in ('varchar', 'char', 'nchar', 'nvarchar',
>> 'uniqueidentifer'):
>> f['type'] = "'string'"
>> else:
>> raise RuntimeError("Data Type not supported: %s " % str(field))
>>
>> try:
>> if field['column_default']:
>> if field['column_default'] == "now()":
>> d = "request.now"
>> elif field['column_default'] == "true":
>> d = "True"
>> elif field['column_default'] == "false":
>> d = "False"
>> else:
>> d = repr(eval(field['column_default']))
>> f['default'] = str(d)
>> except (ValueError, SyntaxError):
>> pass
>> except Exception, e:
>> raise RuntimeError("Default unsupported '%s'" %
>> field['column_default'])
>>
>> if not field['is_nullable']:
>> f['notnull'] = "True"
>>
>> # For field names that are not valid python identifiers, we need to add
>> a reference to their actual name
>> # in the back end database
>> if not REGEX_VALID_TB_FLD.match(field['column_name']):
>> f['rname'] = "'[%s]'" % field['column_name']
>>
>> return f
>>
>>
>> def is_unique(conn, table, field):
>> "Find unique columns (incomplete support)"
>> rows = query(conn, """
>> SELECT c.column_name
>> FROM information_schema.table_constraints t
>> INNER JOIN information_schema.constraint_column_usage c
>> ON (t.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = c.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG
>> AND t.CONSTRAINT_NAME = c.CONSTRAINT_NAME
>> AND t.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = c.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
>> AND t.TABLE_CATALOG = c.TABLE_CATALOG
>> AND t.TABLE_NAME = c.TABLE_NAME
>> AND t.TABLE_SCHEMA = c.TABLE_SCHEMA)
>> WHERE t.table_name='%s'
>> AND c.column_name='%s'
>> AND t.constraint_type='UNIQUE'
>> ;""", table, field['column_name'])
>> return rows and True or False
>>
>>
>> def primarykeys(conn, table):
>> "Find primary keys"
>> rows = query(conn, """
>> SELECT c.column_name
>> FROM information_schema.table_constraints t
>> INNER JOIN information_schema.constraint_column_usage c
>> ON (t.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = c.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG
>> AND t.CONSTRAINT_NAME = c.CONSTRAINT_NAME
>> AND t.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = c.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
>> AND t.TABLE_CATALOG = c.TABLE_CATALOG
>> AND t.TABLE_NAME = c.TABLE_NAME
>> AND t.TABLE_SCHEMA = c.TABLE_SCHEMA)
>> WHERE t.table_name='%s'
>> AND t.constraint_type='PRIMARY KEY'
>> ;""", table)
>> return [row['column_name'] for row in rows]
>>
>>
>> def references(conn, table, field):
>> "Find a FK (fails if multiple)"
>> rows1 = query(conn, """
>> SELECT k.table_name, k.column_name, k.constraint_name,
>> r.update_rule, r.delete_rule, k.ordinal_position
>> FROM information_schema.key_column_usage k
>> INNER JOIN information_schema.referential_constraints r
>> ON (k.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = r.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG
>> AND k.CONSTRAINT_NAME = r.CONSTRAINT_NAME
>> AND k.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = r.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA)
>> INNER JOIN information_schema.table_constraints t
>> ON (r.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = t.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG
>> AND r.CONSTRAINT_NAME = t.CONSTRAINT_NAME
>> AND r.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = t.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA)
>>
>> WHERE k.table_name='%s'
>> AND k.column_name='%s'
>> AND t.constraint_type='FOREIGN KEY'
>> ;""", table, field)
>> if len(rows1) == 1:
>> rows2 = query(conn, """
>> SELECT table_name, column_name, *
>> FROM information_schema.constraint_column_usage
>> WHERE constraint_name='%s'
>> """, rows1[0]['constraint_name'])
>> row = None
>> if len(rows2) > 1:
>> row = rows2[int(rows1[0]['ordinal_position']) - 1]
>> keyed = True
>> if len(rows2) == 1:
>> row = rows2[0]
>> keyed = False
>> if row:
>> if keyed: # THIS IS BAD, DON'T MIX "id" and primarykey!!!
>> ref = {'type': "'reference %s.%s'" % (row['table_name'],
>> row['column_name'])}
>> else:
>> ref = {'type': "'reference %s'" % (row['table_name'],)}
>> if rows1[0]['delete_rule'] != "NO ACTION":
>> ref['ondelete'] = repr(rows1[0]['delete_rule'])
>> return ref
>> elif rows2:
>> raise RuntimeError("Unsupported foreign key reference: %s" %
>> str(rows2))
>>
>> elif rows1:
>> raise RuntimeError("Unsupported referential constraint: %s" %
>> str(rows1))
>>
>>
>> def define_table(conn, table):
>> "Output single table definition"
>> fields = get_fields(conn, table)
>> pks = primarykeys(conn, table)
>> print "db.define_table('%s'," % (table,)
>> for field in fields:
>> fname = field['column_name']
>> fdef = define_field(conn, table, field, pks)
>> if fname not in pks and is_unique(conn, table, field):
>> fdef['unique'] = "True"
>> if fdef['type'] == "'id'" and fname in pks:
>> pks.pop(pks.index(fname))
>> print " Field('%s', %s)," % (get_valid_column_name(fname),
>> ', '.join(["%s=%s" % (k, fdef[k])
>> for k in KWARGS
>> if k in fdef and
>> fdef[k]]))
>> if pks:
>> print " primarykey=[%s]," % ", ".join(["'%s'" % pk for pk in pks])
>> print " migrate=migrate)"
>> print
>>
>>
>> def define_db(conn, db, host, port, user, passwd):
>> "Output database definition (model)"
>> dal = 'db = DAL("mssql4://%s:%s@%s:%s/%s", pool_size=10,
>> decode_credentials=True)'
>> print dal % (
>> user.replace('@', '%40').replace(':', '%3A'), passwd.replace('@',
>> '%40').replace(':', '%3A'), host, port, db)
>> print
>> print "migrate = False"
>> print
>> for table in get_tables(conn):
>> define_table(conn, table)
>>
>>
>> if __name__ == "__main__":
>> # Parse arguments from command line:
>> if len(sys.argv) < 6 and COMMAND_LINE_MODE:
>> print HELP
>> else:
>> # Parse arguments from command line:
>> if COMMAND_LINE_MODE:
>> db, host, port, user, passwd = sys.argv[1:6]
>> else:
>> db = DB
>> host = HOST
>> user = USER
>> passwd = PASSWD
>> port = PORT
>>
>> # Make the database connection (change driver if required)
>> import pyodbc
>> # cnn = pyodbc.connect(database=db, host=host, port=port,
>> # user=user, password=passwd,
>> # )
>> cnn = pyodbc.connect(
>> r'DRIVER={{SQL Server Native Client
>> 11.0}};SERVER={server};PORT={port};DATABASE={db};UID={user};PWD={passwd}'.format(
>> server=host, port=port, db=db, user=user, passwd=passwd)
>> )
>> # Start model code generation:
>> define_db(cnn, db, host, port, user, passwd)
>>
>>
--
Resources:
- http://web2py.com
- http://web2py.com/book (Documentation)
- http://github.com/web2py/web2py (Source code)
- https://code.google.com/p/web2py/issues/list (Report Issues)
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