Alex <[email protected]> writes: > Hi all, > > I am championing WireGuard at work, and I have been granted permission > to use it for establishing remote access to a private IPv6 VLAN for all > employees. I have experimented with different approaches and ran in to > an issue. > > With the help of a machine dedicated fully to the job of remote access > (Ubuntu 20.04 / Linux 5.4), I've managed to establish end-to-end > connectivity between my work laptop and the servers. The VPN gateway > has a wg0 interface for employees and a "private0" interface for > private VLAN connectivity. The goal is to link the two. > > I noticed an odd quirk: It only works when > "net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding" is 1. If this value is 0, > "net.ipv6.conf.[wg0 | private0].forwarding" has no effect. In other > words, I cannot seem to enable forwarding for *only* the interfaces > that need it. It only works when forwarding is enabled for *all* > interfaces. This is a problem because when the "all" value is set to 1, > the machine will start to behave as a router on VLANs for which it is > most definitely not a router. > > For the servers, I am using the officially defined[0] subnet-router > anycast address as the default IPv6 gateway, and it works well. > However, when I flipped the switch on "net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding", > the VPN gateway started using NDP to announce that it was a router > across *all* VLANs! Specifically, it was claiming ownership over our > global subnet anycast address 2001:aaaa:bbbb:cccc::. This is neither > true nor desired. The VPN gateway started to receive outbound non-VPN > Internet traffic which broke Internet connectivity for all servers. > > This leads me to my first question: Why does > "net.ipv6.conf.wg0.forwarding" have no effect?
That's how forwarding works in the kernel for IPv6: https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/latest/source/Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.rst#L1981 I.e., there *is* no per-interface forwarding setting, you'll need to setup netfilter rules or some other mechanism to control which interfaces packets will be forwarded to/from. The per-interface "forwarding" attribute only controls things like whether the kernel will accept router advertisements on that interface. Yes, this is a bit confusing (and also different from IPv4). The isRouter flag in neighbour advertisements should be controllable via the per-interface 'forwarding' setting; the default changes when you enable the global setting, but I think it should be possible to re-set it? See: https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/latest/source/Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.rst#L2148 > In researching a solution, I decided to give eBPF a try. I attached an > XDP program to "private0" (a layer 2 device, naturally) and > successfully redirected packets to "wg0" (a layer 3 device) with > bpf_redirect[1]. If the packets are unmodified, WireGuard will happily > pass them to the remote hosts. This is an issue because the remote > hosts are expecting to receive IP(v6) packets, not Ethernet frames. If > I use bpf_xdp_adjust_head[1] to strip off the Ethernet frame, WireGuard > will drop the packet[2] before it can be sent to the remote host. > > My theory is that bpf_xdp_adjust_head is modifying the data pointer > only and not any underlying structures that may be associated with the > packet (sk_buff perhaps). > > This leads me to my second question: Why can't I redirect traffic > received on an L2 interface to an L3 interface, *even after stripping > off the Ethernet frame?* I assume you were using generic XDP here? Anyway, XDP is layer2-only by definition, so there's not really any way to achieve what you're trying to do with XDP. > Finally, during this whole process I was using WireShark to inspect > traffic received by the remote host (i.e. my work laptop). With the > help of the extract-handshakes.sh script, I was able to decrypt traffic. > I did discover a bug though. I believe "index_hashtable_insert" should > actually be "wg_index_hashtable_insert"[3]. > > Does anyone have any insights as to what a proper solution would look > like? Is there a way to achieve my goal without introducing eBPF? Is > XDP completely unsuited for this particular purpose? Do I actually need > to operate on the sk_buff level, as opposed to the xdp_buff level? You could maybe do something with TC-BPF, but why can't you just enable net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding and just use netfilter to control which interfaces packets will be forwarded across? That seems like it would be the simplest solution... -Toke
