On May 29, 2009, at 5:23 AM, Selçuk Cevher wrote:

> How can I determine the protocol running on data link layer (i.e.,  
> Ethernet, Wi-Fi 802.11, etc) while analyzing packets in a "merged"  
> dumped file with pcap format if the pcap file contains a mixture of  
> packets with various data link layer protocols ?

The only way a pcap file can validly contain a mixture of packets with  
various link layer protocols is if the *single* link-layer header type  
in the file is one of the few that support a per-packet link-layer  
type (such as DLT_ERF); the ones normally used when capturing with  
Wireshark don't support that, so you can't, for example, produce a  
valid pcap file by merging an Ethernet and an 802.11 capture (unless  
the 802.11 capture has fake Ethernet headers rather than 802.11 or  
802.11+radio headers).

> libpcap has pcap_datalink(...) function allowing us to determine the  
> data link layer protocol for live capture -- it gets this  
> information directly from the actual network interface that is  
> sniffed on.
>
> However, in the case of offline analysis, it seems pcap_datalink()  
> will not work since it is not possible to know what kind of  
> interface those packets came from.

It is, because the header of a pcap capture file includes a link layer  
header type value.  It includes only one, however.
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