On Mar 3, 2012, at 10:56 PM, Krishnamurthy Mayya wrote:

> And ya, the final question i did not make it very clear. Hardware 
> dependencies in the sense that kind of device drivers ar network adapetrs 
> (NICs) a sustem has. I done really know whether the packet capturing 
> softwares have anything to do with these hardware modules. So, wanted to 
> understand.

Well, a driver is a software module, not a hardware module, but:

        with the NDIS 5-based WinPcap, the driver for a Wi-Fi adapter will 
govern what happens in promiscuous mode - will it be able to go into 
promiscuous mode, and will it capture any traffic if it does (I'm not sure 
whether any drivers support it);

        with the NDIS 6-based mechanism NetMon uses on Windows Vista and later, 
the driver for a Wi-Fi adapter will govern whether monitor mode is supported - 
if the driver is an NDIS 6 driver that supports Native Wi-Fi *including* 
monitor mode, you will be able to capture in monitor mode with NetMon, 
otherwise not.

If monitor or promiscuous mode doesn't work, you will probably be able to 
capture, on a Wi-Fi adapter with promiscuous mode turned off, traffic sent by 
and received by the machine running {WinDump, Wireshark} or NetMon, but that's 
it.

As for non-Wi-Fi network adapters:

        most if not all Ethernet drivers should support promiscuous mode (but 
that would also require a network tap or "port mirroring" or something such as 
that on a switched network);

        if you're on an Ethernet network with VLANs, the driver and adapter 
might have to be configured to show you VLAN tags if you want to capture 
traffic and see the VLAN tags (which would, I think, be the same with WinPcap 
and with NetMon).
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