Business lessons from '300'
BULL MARKET, BULL SHEET By Wilson Lee Flores
The Philippine STAR 03/12/2007

Leadership is a potent combination of strategy and character. But if you must 
be without one, be without the strategy. — General Norman Schwarzkopf 

Leaders establish the vision for the future and set the strategy for getting 
there; they cause change. They motivate and inspire others to go in the right 
direction and they, along with everyone else, sacrifice to get there. - John 
Kotter 

Beyond business schools or business textbooks, we can derive so many priceless 
lessons from the annals of history and the lives of great leaders. 

Warner Brothers has fabulously recreated in the exciting film 300 the heroism 
of the 300 Spartan warriors led by King Leonidas in the epic Battle of 
Thermopylae against the million-strong Persian hordes of King Xerxes. This 
visually stunning, well-written, entertaining and action-packed film was based 
on the popular graphic novel by Frank Miller. I recommend this movie to 
everyone, except for kids. 

A small but dedicated elite warrior force led by King Leonidas of Sparta fight 
for three days at the strategic pass of Thermopylae in the central part of 
modern-day Greece, effectively slowing down the massive Persian armies. 
However, a local person named Ephialtes betrays the Spartans by leading the 
invaders behind the defenders' position through a mountain path. Leonidas leads 
a courageous last stand, which saves the Greek city-states from Persian 
domination and inspires their victorious resistance. 

Here are seven lessons business people, entrepreneurs and other professionals 
can learn from the movie 300 and the timeless saga of the Battle of 
Thermopylae. 

1. Training: The 300 Spartans are not amateurs or slaves or civilian volunteers 
conscripted to fight a war; they are elite soldiers physically, intellectually, 
psychologically and morally trained with rigorous discipline for many years to 
be real warriors. The film shows how Spartan warriors are pre-selected as 
babies, then physically and mentally trained as kids and as youngsters to be 
full-time professional soldiers. 

In business or other vocations, training, discipline, focus and dedication can 
make the decisive difference between winners and losers. 

2. Use The Best Equipment: Before Leonidas brought his warriors to battle, his 
small army brought with them adequate and well-designed weapons like long 
spears, strong shields and superior armor. Even the choice and design of 
uniforms, helmets and attire are not left to chance but are of the highest 
quality. Whether venturing into a new business or undertaking other endeavors, 
it is important to assemble the sufficient and right kind of resources. 

3. Maximize Terrain: Despite the overwhelming number and logistical superiority 
of the Persian hordes, the 300 Spartans are able to hold their ground partly 
because they maximized the strategic advantage of the narrow pass of 
Thermopylae, which was easily defensible and nearly impregnable. This situation 
is similar to the US military forces and Filipino soldiers who withdrew to 
Bataan and Corregidor, abandoning Manila as an open city to the firepower of 
the Japanese during World War II. 

In business, politics or other wars, it is crucial to survey and understand the 
terrain where battles are fought. How are the real market conditions, the 
topography, the history, the weather patterns and other factors, which can 
affect protagonists? 

4. Strategy Is Key To Victory: The inspiring courage of the 300 Spartans 
illustrates that strategy is important to outsmart, outflank and outdo one's 
competitors in any battle. One of the strategies of King Leonidas was to use a 
relay of fresh troops to smash the invading hordes nonstop, once starting with 
a wall of Persian warrior corpses to shock the invaders. 

In business and political wars, superior strategies are often more important 
than superior resources and manpower. 

5. Loyalty And Team Unity Are Crucial: Every Spartan warrior is the epitome of 
utmost loyalty. In defending Thermopylae pass, the coordinated teamwork of the 
Spartans is indispensable in preserving their position and flanks. There is no 
room for the weakness or disloyalty of even just one warrior in this epic 
struggle. Unity is a source of uncommon strength in every endeavor. 

6. Ideals And Culture Are Important: It would have been so easy for King 
Leonidas to accept the bribes and offers of King Xerxes to just kneel before 
him, and the Persians would reward him the kingship of all the Greek states and 
allow him to live. However, the Spartans had ideals and an honor code that 
defined their nation and united their people. 

What are the corporate ideals and philosophy of various enterprises that have 
made the transition from good to great, compared to the many more companies 
that rose and eventually faded away? What are the unifying values of a winning 
team, corporation, management group or nation-state? 

7. Great Leadership Equals Great Success: There is no doubt that the 
uncompromisingly honest, inspirational, capable, selfless and fearless 
leadership of King Leonidas is the secret behind the epoch-making last stand of 
the 300 Spartans. Sure he died at Thermopylae, but he dealt a crushing blow to 
the morale of the Persian hordes, caused numerous casualties out of proportion 
to the Spartan warriors' small number and united the various Greek city-states. 
King Leonidas was a brave and principled hero who deserves this excellent film 
tribute and should be a role model for all of us. 

Whether in businesses, families, sports, organizations or in the governance of 
nation-states, we should aspire for or demand no less than great, honest, 
inspirational and selfless leadership. 
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