RESEARCHERS WATCH SEEDS IN 3D AND DISCOVER AN UNKNOWN AIR PATH Researchers from the CNRS, the University J. Fourier of Grenoble and the ESRF have recently visualised a plant seed in 3D using synchrotron light. This new view has revealed that there is a network of voids between the cells which may be used for oxygen storage that is needed for efficient germination. It is the first time that a living organism is studied using the holotomography technique at a third generation synchrotron source. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060915202341.htm
INSULIN RECEPTOR STOPS PROGRESSION OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE A study from Rhode Island Hospital and Brown Medical School shows that you can treat Alzheimer's in its early stages and almost completely halt neurodegeneration. This means that patients with early symptoms could potentially stop the disease before their brains deteriorate. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060921203003.htm 'METH MOUTH' CAN LEAVE USERS TOOTHLESS Methamphetamine is a powerfully addictive drug that can seriously damage oral health, destroying a person's smile and natural ability to chew, according to the American Dental Association. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060921202726.htm BOOSTING LEVELS OF PROTEIN FOUND IN MUSCLE STAVES OFF HEART FAILURE Boosting levels of a protein might help protect against the development of heart failure, particularly in those who have had heart attacks. Cardiology researchers found that increasing levels of the protein S100A1 helped protect animal hearts from further damage after simulated heart attacks. In some cases, the animals' heart function hardly changed at all. Other animals with heart cells lacking the protein couldn't handle the stress of a heart blockage and developed heart failure. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060921201649.htm WATCHING DNA REPAIR IN REAL TIME Direct observations of DNA are giving new insights into how genetic material is copied and repaired. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060921202309.htm REPUBLIC OF CONGO ANNOUNCES TWO MASSIVE PROTECTED AREAS The Minister of Forestry Economy of the Republic of Congo has announced plans to create two new protected areas that together could be larger than Yellowstone National Park, spanning nearly one million hectares (3,800 square miles). -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060918163337.htm HUBBLE FINDS HUNDREDS OF YOUNG GALAXIES IN EARLY UNIVERSE Astronomers analyzing two of the deepest views of the cosmos made with NASA's Hubble Space Telescope have uncovered a gold mine of galaxies, more than 500 that existed less than a billion years after the Big Bang. These galaxies thrived when the cosmos was less than 7 percent of its present age of 13.7 billion years. This sample represents the most comprehensive compilation of galaxies in the early universe, researchers said. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060921190520.htm TWO-FACED PROTEIN CAN STOP METASTASIS OR PROMOTE IT, RESEARCHERS SAY Researchers have found that a protein that normally helps keep cells glued together is also involved in the very first steps of metastasis, the detachment and spread of tumor cells that makes cancer difficult to treat. Investigators report that the negative effects of this "two-faced" protein, p120 catenin, could possibly be blocked by a future designer drug. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060918165440.htm INVASIVE SEA SQUIRTS PERSIST ON GEORGES BANK For the fourth consecutive year, federal and university researchers have surveyed two areas on Georges Bank where an invasive colonial sea squirt continues to thrive on the gravel bottom. The colonies are denser than in 2005 over the 88 square-mile area observed. Greater density of colonies observed during the survey is evidence that the infestation is persistent. Scientists remain concerned that the infestation could threaten important fisheries. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060920185434.htm WHITE BLOOD CELLS CAN BOTH HURT AND HELP TRANSPLANTED KIDNEYS In an example of biological irony, the same white blood cell chemistry known to damage kidneys used for transplants may also help prevent such damage, according to a federally funded study in genetically engineered mice at Johns Hopkins. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060920183041.htm METAL DEFORMATION STUDIES LEAD TO NEW UNDERSTANDING OF MATERIALS AT EXTREME CONDITIONS By combining very large-scale molecular dynamics simulations with time-resolved data from laser experiments of shock wave propagation through specific metals, scientists at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory are now able to better understand the evolution of high-strain-rate plasticity. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060918164612.htm PREGNANCY AND LACTATION MAY AFFECT MATERNAL BEHAVIOR AND COPING SKILLS Hormonal changes occurring in female rats after they give birth to and nurse their offspring may cause long-term endocrine and neuroendocrine changes that help produce better mothering skills with each pregnancy and reduce the mother's anxiety levels as she matures, according to scientists at Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University and the University of Otago Medical School. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060920193112.htm RESEARCHER LIGHTS THE WAY TO BETTER DRUG DELIVERY A Purdue University researcher has explained for the first time the details of how drugs are released within a cancer cell, improving the ability to deliver drugs to a specific target without affecting surrounding cells. The understanding of how to deliver and unload a cancer drug can be extrapolated to all sorts of other diseased cells. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060908145740.htm NEW TARGET FOR CANCER THERAPY IDENTIFIED A new target for cancer therapy has been identified by Monash University scientists investigating the cell signalling pathways that turn on a gene involved in cancer development. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060921094451.htm 'IMPORTED' POLLUTION TIED TO POOR AIR QUALITY IN TEXAS IN 2004 Scientists using NASA satellites and other data including computer models and ground sensors have demonstrated that pollutants traveling even thousands of miles can impact air quality. The study concludes that ozone pollution levels increased significantly in the air above Houston on July 19 and 20, 2004. Researchers attribute this increase in part as a result of smoke transported into the area over the course of a week from forest fires raging in Alaska and Canada. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060921094440.htm 'WAIT-AND-SEE' APPROACH FOR TREATING EAR INFECTIONS SUBSTANTIALLY REDUCES USE OF ANTIBIOTICS For children with acute ear infections seen in an emergency department, giving parents the option of delaying use of antibiotics resulted in significantly lower use of antibiotics compared to parents who received a standard prescription, with little difference in the outcomes for the children, according to a study in the Sept. 13 issue of JAMA. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060915203541.htm BREAKTHROUGH IN COMPUTER CHIP DESIGN ELIMINATES WIRES IN DATA TRANSMISSION Research slated to appear in the Oct. 2 edition of the Optical Society of America's Optics Express will unveil that researchers have created a new laser-silicon hybrid computer chip that can produce laser beams that will make it possible to use laser light rather than wires to send data between chips, removing the most significant bottleneck in computer design. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060920193609.htm 'EGG ON YOUR FACE' MAY BE MORE DANGEROUS THAN YOU THINK As the party conference season gets under way in the UK, research in Emergency Medicine Journal shows that lobbing raw eggs at people as a harmless form of protest or prank can actually result in serious eye injury. Between November 2004 and December 2005 researchers at one specialist department monitored more than 18,000 patients requiring eye treatment. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060921094520.htm WOLF IN SHEEP'S CLOTHING: PLAGUE BACTERIA REVEAL ONE OF THEIR VIRULENCE TRICKS The bacteria known as Yersinia, a family of pathogens that includes the plague, kill their host cells by -- among other things -- inserting proteins and other virulence factors that disrupt their normal structure. New research by Rockefeller University scientists shows at the atomic, cellular and organismal level that the cause of this disruption can be attributed largely to YpkA, a virulence factor that mimics proteins found in its host. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060920193618.htm TRANSPLANTS DERIVED FROM HUMAN STEM CELLS HELP RESTORE VISION IN RATS WITH RETINAL DISEASE Advanced Cell Technology, Inc. has announced that company scientists and their collaborators rescued visual function in rats through implantation of retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) derived from human embryonic stem (hES) cells. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060921100701.htm IOWA STATE CORN/SOY PLASTICS TO BE MADE INTO HOG FEEDERS Richard Larock, a University professor of chemistry at Iowa State University, is developing plastics made from corn and soybean oils that will be used to build hog feeders. The feeders could be on the market by the end of next year. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060920190529.htm SMOKERS MAY BE AT GREATER RISK OF HIV INFECTION Smokers may be at greater risk of HIV infection than nonsmokers, reveals an analysis of published research issued ahead of print in the journal Sexually Transmitted Infections. Cigarette smoking has already been linked to a higher than normal chance of contracting other infections generally, including those that have been sexually transmitted. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060921094544.htm SHORT-TERM OCEAN COOLING SUGGESTS GLOBAL WARMING 'SPEED BUMP' The average temperature of the water near the top of the Earth's oceans has significantly cooled since 2003. New research suggests global warming trends are not always steady in their effects on ocean temperatures. Although the average temperature of the upper oceans has significantly cooled since 2003, the decline is a fraction of the total ocean warming over the previous 48 years. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060921123321.htm CABERNET SAUVIGNON RED WINE REDUCES THE RISK OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE A new study directed by Mount Sinai School of Medicine has found that moderate red wine consumption in a form of cabernet sauvignon may help reduce the incidence of Alzheimer's disease. -- full story > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/09/060918163551.htmTitle: ScienceDaily Top Headlines
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ScienceDaily Top Headlines -- for Friday, September 22, 2006
Researchers Watch Seeds In 3D And Discover An Unknown Air Path (September 22, 2006) — Researchers from the CNRS, the University J. Fourier of Grenoble and the ESRF have recently visualised a plant seed in 3D using synchrotron light. This new view has revealed that there is a network of voids between the cells which may be used for oxygen storage that is needed for efficient germination. It is the first time that a living organism is studied using the holotomography technique at a third generation synchrotron source. > full story
Insulin Receptor Stops Progression Of Alzheimer's Disease (September 22, 2006) — A study from Rhode Island Hospital and Brown Medical School shows that you can treat Alzheimer's in its early stages and almost completely halt neurodegeneration. This means that patients with early symptoms could potentially stop the disease before their brains deteriorate. > full story
'Meth Mouth' Can Leave Users Toothless (September 22, 2006) — Methamphetamine is a powerfully addictive drug that can seriously damage oral health, destroying a person's smile and natural ability to chew, according to the American Dental Association. > full story
Boosting Levels Of Protein Found In Muscle Staves Off Heart Failure (September 22, 2006) — Boosting levels of a protein might help protect against the development of heart failure, particularly in those who have had heart attacks. Cardiology researchers found that increasing levels of the protein S100A1 helped protect animal hearts from further damage after simulated heart attacks. In some cases, the animals' heart function hardly changed at all. Other animals with heart cells lacking the protein couldn't handle the stress of a heart blockage and developed heart failure. > full story
Watching DNA Repair In Real Time (September 22, 2006) — Direct observations of DNA are giving new insights into how genetic material is copied and repaired. > full story
Republic Of Congo Announces Two Massive Protected Areas (September 22, 2006) — The Minister of Forestry Economy of the Republic of Congo has announced plans to create two new protected areas that together could be larger than Yellowstone National Park, spanning nearly one million hectares (3,800 square miles). > full story
Hubble Finds Hundreds Of Young Galaxies In Early Universe (September 21, 2006) — Astronomers analyzing two of the deepest views of the cosmos made with NASA's Hubble Space Telescope have uncovered a gold mine of galaxies, more than 500 that existed less than a billion years after the Big Bang. These galaxies thrived when the cosmos was less than 7 percent of its present age of 13.7 billion years. This sample represents the most comprehensive compilation of galaxies in the early universe, researchers said. > full story
Two-faced Protein Can Stop Metastasis Or Promote It, Researchers Say (September 21, 2006) — Researchers have found that a protein that normally helps keep cells glued together is also involved in the very first steps of metastasis, the detachment and spread of tumor cells that makes cancer difficult to treat. Investigators report that the negative effects of this "two-faced" protein, p120 catenin, could possibly be blocked by a future designer drug. > full story
Invasive Sea Squirts Persist On Georges Bank (September 21, 2006) — For the fourth consecutive year, federal and university researchers have surveyed two areas on Georges Bank where an invasive colonial sea squirt continues to thrive on the gravel bottom. The colonies are denser than in 2005 over the 88 square-mile area observed. Greater density of colonies observed during the survey is evidence that the infestation is persistent. Scientists remain concerned that the infestation could threaten important fisheries. > full story
White Blood Cells Can Both Hurt And Help Transplanted Kidneys (September 21, 2006) — In an example of biological irony, the same white blood cell chemistry known to damage kidneys used for transplants may also help prevent such damage, according to a federally funded study in genetically engineered mice at Johns Hopkins. > full story
Metal Deformation Studies Lead To New Understanding Of Materials At Extreme Conditions (September 21, 2006) — By combining very large-scale molecular dynamics simulations with time-resolved data from laser experiments of shock wave propagation through specific metals, scientists at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory are now able to better understand the evolution of high-strain-rate plasticity. > full story
Pregnancy And Lactation May Affect Maternal Behavior And Coping Skills (September 21, 2006) — Hormonal changes occurring in female rats after they give birth to and nurse their offspring may cause long-term endocrine and neuroendocrine changes that help produce better mothering skills with each pregnancy and reduce the mother's anxiety levels as she matures, according to scientists at Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University and the University of Otago Medical School. > full story
Researcher Lights The Way To Better Drug Delivery (September 21, 2006) — A Purdue University researcher has explained for the first time the details of how drugs are released within a cancer cell, improving the ability to deliver drugs to a specific target without affecting surrounding cells. The understanding of how to deliver and unload a cancer drug can be extrapolated to all sorts of other diseased cells. > full story
New Target For Cancer Therapy Identified (September 21, 2006) — A new target for cancer therapy has been identified by Monash University scientists investigating the cell signalling pathways that turn on a gene involved in cancer development. > full story
'Imported' Pollution Tied To Poor Air Quality In Texas In 2004 (September 21, 2006) — Scientists using NASA satellites and other data including computer models and ground sensors have demonstrated that pollutants traveling even thousands of miles can impact air quality. The study concludes that ozone pollution levels increased significantly in the air above Houston on July 19 and 20, 2004. Researchers attribute this increase in part as a result of smoke transported into the area over the course of a week from forest fires raging in Alaska and Canada.
> full story
'Wait-and-see' Approach For Treating Ear Infections Substantially Reduces Use Of Antibiotics (September 21, 2006) — For children with acute ear infections seen in an emergency department, giving parents the option of delaying use of antibiotics resulted in significantly lower use of antibiotics compared to parents who received a standard prescription, with little difference in the outcomes for the children, according to a study in the Sept. 13 issue of JAMA. > full story
Breakthrough In Computer Chip Design Eliminates Wires In Data Transmission (September 21, 2006) — Research slated to appear in the Oct. 2 edition of the Optical Society of America's Optics Express will unveil that researchers have created a new laser-silicon hybrid computer chip that can produce laser beams that will make it possible to use laser light rather than wires to send data between chips, removing the most significant bottleneck in computer design. > full story
'Egg On Your Face' May Be More Dangerous Than You Think (September 21, 2006) — As the party conference season gets under way in the UK, research in Emergency Medicine Journal shows that lobbing raw eggs at people as a harmless form of protest or prank can actually result in serious eye injury. Between November 2004 and December 2005 researchers at one specialist department monitored more than 18,000 patients requiring eye treatment. > full story
Wolf In Sheep's Clothing: Plague Bacteria Reveal One Of Their Virulence Tricks (September 21, 2006) — The bacteria known as Yersinia, a family of pathogens that includes the plague, kill their host cells by -- among other things -- inserting proteins and other virulence factors that disrupt their normal structure. New research by Rockefeller University scientists shows at the atomic, cellular and organismal level that the cause of this disruption can be attributed largely to YpkA, a virulence factor that mimics proteins found in its host. > full story
Transplants Derived From Human Stem Cells Help Restore Vision In Rats With Retinal Disease (September 21, 2006) — Advanced Cell Technology, Inc. has announced that company scientists and their collaborators rescued visual function in rats through implantation of retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) derived from human embryonic stem (hES) cells. > full story
Iowa State Corn/Soy Plastics To Be Made Into Hog Feeders (September 21, 2006) — Richard Larock, a University professor of chemistry at Iowa State University, is developing plastics made from corn and soybean oils that will be used to build hog feeders. The feeders could be on the market by the end of next year. > full story
Smokers May Be At Greater Risk Of HIV Infection (September 21, 2006) — Smokers may be at greater risk of HIV infection than nonsmokers, reveals an analysis of published research issued ahead of print in the journal Sexually Transmitted Infections. Cigarette smoking has already been linked to a higher than normal chance of contracting other infections generally, including those that have been sexually transmitted. > full story
Short-Term Ocean Cooling Suggests Global Warming 'Speed Bump' (September 21, 2006) — The average temperature of the water near the top of the Earth's oceans has significantly cooled since 2003. New research suggests global warming trends are not always steady in their effects on ocean temperatures. Although the average temperature of the upper oceans has significantly cooled since 2003, the decline is a fraction of the total ocean warming over the previous 48 years. > full story
Cabernet Sauvignon Red Wine Reduces The Risk Of Alzheimer's Disease (September 21, 2006) — A new study directed by Mount Sinai School of Medicine has found that moderate red wine consumption in a form of cabernet sauvignon may help reduce the incidence of Alzheimer's disease. > full story
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