Thanks, Bill (and Gary in the previous reply)!

I’m pretty sure my receive is fine - IC-7300 into my mac using USB connection, 
AGC off, notch filter off, noise blanker off, noise reduction off, IP+ off, and 
RF Gain/USB AF Output level adjusted to 30 db with no signals present.  There 
is no adjustment on the USB audio driver.

On the transmit side, I think I’m doing everything correctly too.  But my point 
is that it is difficult to tell if you are doing it correctly when there’s not 
a good feedback mechanism from the remote side to inform you that your signal 
looks overdriven.  

I would appreciate a way for someone to tell me if my signal does look bad.  
Granted, it could be multipath or other effects beyond my control, but I would 
like to know, and there’s not a great way to communicate that in-band.

-Tim

> On Jul 11, 2017, at 12:45 PM, Bill Somerville <g4...@classdesign.com> wrote:
> 
> On 11/07/2017 19:12, Tim Carlson wrote:
>> Would you consider that the first signal on the left is being overdriven 
>> somewhat?  Or is that just a consequence of a stronger signal?  Or is it 
>> some atmospheric condition causing the signal to spread?
>> 
> Hi Tim,
> 
> hard to tell but it is all too common for the Tx audio level fed to the rig 
> to be too high. This causes non-linearity and will almost certainly widen the 
> transmitted signal. The main product of clipping is harmonics but if the 
> sender is using the split operating facility that is largely innocuous due to 
> the harmonics being above 3000 Hz and attenuated by the rig's Tx SSB filter 
> low pass cut off. Still there is no excuse for over driving the audio input 
> to the rig and there is a secondary consequence. At each frequency shift of 
> the modulation there is a minimal phase discontinuity, we shift the phase 
> without a glitch but nevertheless it is a discontinuity. These small 
> discontinuities fractionally widen the signal when the audio is correctly 
> matched through to the transmitter but over drive widens them considerably. 
> This is what you are seeing, a horizontal spike on the waterfall at each tone 
> shift.
> 
> You must also be careful about attributing blame in these situations, all of 
> the above can happen on the receiving side too, so check your own house is in 
> order before accusing another of having a poor signal.
> 
> 73
> Bill
> G4WJS.
> 
> 
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