>I still have some problems understanding the %%staves directive,
>and it still strikes me as being extremely cryptic compared with
>putting the same information into V: fields in the header.


>So what's the difference between

You can look at
http://anamnese.online.fr/abc/passemedio.pdf

It doesn't need I write how to use it, it's self explanatory. Just | is for separation 
of voices, I should have done it for %%staves [1 2 3 4] (ex : staves [1 2 3 | 4]) it 
would have been more strikening...

I've processed the same tune 5 times :

X:1 staves {1 2 3 4}

X:1 staves {1 2 | 3 4}

X:2 staves (1 2)(3 4)

X:3 staves {1 2 3}

X:4 staves [1 2 3 4]

you can even find the source here : http://anamnese.online.fr/abc/passemedio.abc

X:4
T:Pavane - Pass e medio
R:Pavane
Z:<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> -- http://anamnese.fr.st
M:C
L:1/4
Q:1/4=110
K:C
%%staves [1 2 3 4]
V:1
f3 e | d f2 e/d/ | e>d e/f/e/d/ | e3e | d>c d/e/ d | dfed | ^c>B c/d/c/B/ | ^c3 d/e/ |
f3 e | d f2 e/d/ | e>d e/f/e/d/ | e/f/g/f/ ed | ^c/d/e/c/ d =B |\
  ^c/A/ d3/2 c/4=B/4 d/c/ | d3d | d2 d2 :|]
V:2
D3 E | FGAB | c3 c | c4 | A2 AA | _B A2 G | A3 A | A4 |
D3 E | FGAB | c4 | c2 c/B/A/G/ | A2 D2 | AGA2 | ^F3 F | ^F4 :|]
V:3
A3G | FDF2 | G>F G/A/G/F/ | G3 G | F D/E/ F/G/F/E/ | F2 GD | E>D E/F/E/D/ | E3 A |
A3G | FDF2 | G>F G/A/G | G3 F | EA FG | EDE2 | D3 D | D2D2 :|]
V:4
%%MIDI transpose -12
D4 | D4 | C4 | C4 | D4 | D2 C _B, | A,3 A, | A,4 |
D4 | D4 | C4 | C3D | A,2 _B, G,| A, B, A,2 | D3 D | D4 :|]


>It seems to me that the use of {} here is both redundant and
>ambiguous.

no, it's not : it's for piano partition only

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