Thank you, Art. It is always better to know whether the most-informed
have the answers; or whether, instead, they are not sure either.
The uncertainty that Reissig expressed in his paper of 2003 apparently
continues now ten years later. In that paper he indicated the need for
additional research to assess practical aspects of replacing organophosphates
with newer chemistries in commercial orchards.
A practical aspect of using Calyso or Assail in leu of Imidan that is
separate from their mode of action on Apple Maggot, is the
question of how to incorporate them into a label-compliant
resistance-management program that includes control of many pests in addition
to Apple Maggot.
David
On Aug 2, 2013, at 11:53 AM, Arthur M. Agnello wrote:
> Hi David,
>
> Harvey Reissig did a study on the efficacy of some of the newer products
> against apple maggot, and published it some years ago:
>
> Reissig, W. Harvey. 2003. Field and Laboratory Tests of New Insecticides
> Against the Apple Maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera:
> Tephritidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 96 (5): 1463-1472 — I will
> send you a pdf of it in a separate email.
>
> However, his general findings were that there are no new insecticides that
> are as effective in controlling AM as the organophosphates, particularly in
> “high pressure situations”. It is also true that most of the new materials
> are not as directly toxic to the flies as the OPs, and the efficacy of many
> these new materials appears to be due to their ability to prevent flies from
> ovipositing as long as they are in contact with their residues. We really
> don’t know the mechanism of this mode of action, but in many laboratory
> bioassays the flies will not lay eggs on treated apples, although they remain
> alive. So far, we would say that in most normal US orchards, which are
> presumed to be initially free from internal AM infestations and are not near
> abandoned orchards and other large sources of unsprayed host trees, we have
> not seen control failures or even increased damage in orchards that are not
> treated with organophosphates, although AM catches in monitoring traps placed
> along the edges of these orchards appears to be higher than when they were
> sprayed with organophosphates.
>
> As far as efficacy, Calypso is definitely the most effective of the new
> insecticides, followed by Assail. Delegate and Altacor also have some
> activity, but would probably not provide control in orchards with internal
> infestations or those that are near heavy unsprayed sources of infestations.
>
> Art
>
> --
> Arthur M. Agnello
> Professor and Extension Tree Fruit Entomologist
> Dept. of Entomology a...@cornell.edu
> N.Y.S. Agric. Expt. Sta. Tel: 315-787-2341
> 630 W. North St. Fax: 315-787-2326
> Geneva, NY 14456-1371
> http://web.entomology.cornell.edu/agnello/links.html
> Scaffolds Fruit Journal online:
> http://www.scaffolds.entomology.cornell.edu/index.html
>
> From: Dave Kollas <kol...@sbcglobal.net>
> Reply-To: Apple-crop discussion list <apple-crop@virtualorchard.net>
> Date: Fri, Aug 2 10:44 AM
> To: Apple-crop discussion list <apple-crop@virtualorchard.net>
> Subject: Re: [apple-crop] Residual pesticide activity
>
>
> Thank you for that, Peter.
>
> I suppose that if the systemic activity of neonics is sufficient to kill
> Apple Maggot eggs or larvae during a (two week?) period after application,
> and up to 2 inches rainfall, they could be expected to be as good as Imidan
> or Guthion, regardless of whether the adults are killed by fruit or foliar
> contact.
> Or, perhaps female flies are killed by ovipositor contact with systemic
> neonic during egg insertion? My guess is that such studies have not been
> made.
>
> David Kollas
>
> On Aug 2, 2013, at 8:55 AM, Peter J. Jentsch wrote:
>
>> Hi David,
>>
>> John Wise, Michigan State University, Department of Entomology, wrote a very
>> nice piece on the 'Rainfast characteristics of fruit crop insecticides'
>> that might help to answer these questions. It was posted on June 3, 2013.
>>
>> http://msue.anr.msu.edu/news/rainfast_characteristics_of_fruit_crop_insecticides
>>
>> All the best,
>>
>>
>> Peter J. Jentsch
>> Senior Extension Associate - Entomology
>> Department of Entomology
>> Cornell University’s Hudson Valley Lab
>> P.O. Box 727, 3357 Rt. 9W
>> Highland, NY 12528
>>
>> Office: 845-691-7151
>> Cell: 845-417-7465
>> FAX: 845-691-2719
>>
>> E-mail: p...@cornell.edu
>> http://hudsonvf.cce.cornell.edu/bmsb1.html
>> http://web.entomology.cornell.edu/jentsch/links.html
>> From: apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.net
>> [apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.net] on behalf of David Kollas
>> [kol...@sbcglobal.net]
>> Sent: Wednesday, July 31, 2013 8:50 PM
>> To: apple-crop@virtualorchard.net
>> Subject: [apple-crop] Fwd: Residual pesticide activity
>>
>> Perhaps the sending address I used this morning was wrong. I am trying
>> another now.
>>
>> Begin forwarded message:
>>
>>> From: David Kollas <kol...@sbcglobal.net>
>>> Date: July 31, 2013 9:08:52 AM EDT
>>> To: Apple-crop discussion list <apple-crop@virtualorchard.net>
>>> Bcc: Kollas David <kol...@sbcglobal.net>
>>> Subject: Residual pesticide activity
>>>
>>> All:
>>> Surely others know the answer to this question. I must have missed it
>>> somewhere. Does the systemic activity of
>>> absorbed neonicotinoid sprays Assail and Calypso replace the surface
>>> residual that continues to kill Apple Maggot flies
>>> entering an Imidan or Guthion-treated orchard days after the application?
>>> Do the neonics provide residual control only by
>>> systemic tissue-presence which the insect must consume? Or do Apple Maggot
>>> flies get enough active ingredient through
>>> their "feet" to kill them on days-old neonic treatments?
>>> The question is relevant in choosing whether, and what pesticide to apply
>>> prior to forecast thunderstorms that can
>>> remove surface residues.
>>>
>>> David Kollas
>>> Kollas Orchard, Tolland, CT
>>
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