Wah, mudah2an cepet sembuh ya, ada beberapa artikel ttg infeksi pada bayi
baru lahir. Kalau dari bakteri, mesti buru2 dikasih antibiotika.
Infection in Newborn Babies
Newborn babies have weak immune systems. This is one reason why
breastfeeding is so important: it provides the newborn baby with antibodies
to help fight infection <javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder1393')>. As a
result, breastfed infants have fewer infections than babies who are bottle
fed.
When a newborn baby does develop an infection, it can become a great cause
for concern. This is because newborn babies can get sick very fast. Luckily,
they also respond very quickly to treatment, if the infection is caught in
time. If a doctor suspects that a newborn baby has an infection, he will
begin antibiotic <javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder1195')> treatment
right away.
Causes of infection
Most infections in newborn babies are caused by
bacteria<javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder1220')>,
and some by viruses <javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder9683')>. A mother's
birth canal <javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder5951')> contains bacteria,
especially if she has an active infection. During childbirth, the baby can
swallow or breathe in the fluid in the birth canal, and bacteria or viruses
can get into his lungs and blood. The baby can become sick during childbirth
or within the first few days after birth. As the bacteria or viruses
multiply, the newborn baby can become ill very quickly. The sooner the
infection is discovered and treated, the better the outcomes will be for the
newborn baby.
There are a number of bacteria and viruses that can be transmitted from
mother to newborn baby during pregnancy or childbirth. Occasionally, a
newborn baby catches an infection after birth from someone who has a cold or
flu.
Symptoms of infection
The symptoms <javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder12239')> of a beginning
infection are listed below. It may be difficult at first to determine if the
newborn baby has an infection, because healthy newborn babies can also have
some of these symptoms even though there is no infection. In a newborn baby
with an infection, these symptoms will continue and the baby needs to be
checked by a doctor.
- irregular temperature
<javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder1578')>below 36.6
°C (97.9°F) or above 38.0°C (100.4°F), taken rectally
- poor feeding and difficulty waking to feed
- excessive sleepiness
- irritability
- rapid breathing at a rate over 60 breaths per minute
- change in behaviour
As the infection gets worse, the newborn baby may develop additional
symptoms:
- difficulty breathing
- bluish tinge around mouth
- pale or grayish skin
- high body temperature (above 38.0°C or 100.4°F, taken rectally)
- low body temperature (under 36.6°C or 97.9°F, taken rectally), despite
being wrapped with clothes and blankets
Diagnosis of infection
A number of tests can be used to diagnose the infection. However, test
results usually take two to three days to come back, so in the meantime, the
doctor will prescribe
antibiotics<javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder11558')>for your
newborn baby while he is waiting for the test results to confirm
the diagnosis <javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder1300')>. For example,
rapid breathing could be caused by infection, and any delay in treatment
could result in the newborn baby becoming much more ill.
The following tests may be needed to diagnose infection in newborn babies:
- Complete blood count <javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder1272')>: This
is when a sample of your newborn baby's blood is taken. The complete blood
count (CBC) will determine the number of each type of blood
cell<javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder1254')>
. Special attention is focused on the number of white blood
cells<javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder3483')>(WBCs), as these can
be abnormal in number when an infection is present. An
abnormal number of WBCs often indicates that the newborn baby's body is
fighting some sort of infection. Results of the CBC can be obtained quite
quickly.
- Blood culture: The blood culture will determine if any bacteria can be
grown in the blood. If bacteria grow in the culture, the baby has an
infection in the bloodstream. The results of this test can take up to 24
hours and sometimes longer, which is why treatment is not delayed
while waiting for the result.
- Urine test <javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder12261')>: This is when
a sample of your newborn baby's urine is taken to determine its white cell
count and sent away for culture.
- Eye or skin swab: This is when pus or fluid from a possible site of
infection, such as the eye or umbilical
cord<javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder4630')>,
is swabbed and sent away for analysis.
- Chest X-ray <javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder1436')>: A baby needs
a chest X-ray <javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder1260')> if
pneumonia<javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder4601')>is suspected.
- Spinal tap: A lumbar
puncture<javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder1427')>is also called a
spinal tap, and it is necessary if an infection of the
lining of the brain, called
meningitis<javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder4587')>,
is suspected. Before doing a lumbar puncture, a numbing cream may first be
applied to the area of the spine where the lumbar puncture will take place.
Local <javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder4583')>
anaesthetic<javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder4058')>is then used to
numb the site of the lumbar puncture. A hollow needle is
inserted between the bones, called the vertebrae, of the spine. A sample of
the cerebrospinal fluid <javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder1257')> is
withdrawn through the needle and tested for infection. This is not a
comfortable procedure; however,
sedation<javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder1621')>and pain relief
are provided to reduce your baby's discomfort. Meningitis is
a serious infection and the diagnosis can only be confirmed by examination
of the cerebrospinal fluid. If your baby requires a lumbar puncture, try to
remind yourself that the procedure is necessary in order to make an accurate
diagnosis and provide the best possible treatment for your baby.
Treatment of infections
If your newborn baby has an infection, she may be taken to the special care
nursery of the hospital, where she will be placed on a warming bed or in an
incubator to regulate her body temperature. She may be attached to a
cardiorespiratory monitor <javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder1449')> to
measure her heart rate and breathing. She may also need a monitor called a
pulse oximeter to determine if there are appropriate levels of
oxygen<javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder1505')>in her body.
If a bacterial infection is suspected, your newborn baby will be given
antibiotics. As infections in the newborn baby can be very serious and
require quick and effective antibiotic treatment, the antibiotics are given
as an intravenous <javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder1413')>
(IV<javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder11758')>)
infusion <javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder3502')>. The IV is a hollow
tube that sits in a vein <javascript:ShowContent('gloss_holder3477')>. The
IV ensures that the right amount of antibiotic enters your baby's blood.
Antibiotics are not given to newborn babies by mouth because they are not
absorbed very well from the stomach. Your baby's doctor will monitor the
amount of antibiotic in your baby's bloodstream, to make sure that she is
receiving the right dosage. The length of time that antibiotics are
administered depends on the type of infection that is being treated.
Treatment can range from seven to 21 days. If the test results are negative,
the antibiotics will most likely be discontinued.
Viral infections do not respond to antibiotics. Therefore, if it turns out
that your newborn baby has a viral infection, she will usually need to fight
the infection without medication. Supportive care, described below, will be
given. Antiviral drugs are available to treat specific viruses such as
herpes or HIV.
In addition to antibiotics, your newborn baby may be given other supportive
care. For example, she may need IV fluids to prevent dehydration, or if she
is too sleepy to eat. She may also need a tube inserted into her nose or
mouth to drip milk directly into her stomach. This is called a nasogastric
or gavage tube. Some newborn babies need extra oxygen during this time,
especially if they have pneumonia
*The pregnant mother*
The use of broad-spectrum antibiotics has greatly improved the outcome of a
mother suffering from pneumonia in pregnancy. However, pneumonia remains a
serious condition with serious effects on a pregnancy. The effect of
bacterial pneumonia does not seem to be altered by pregnancy, that is, the
disease severity is likely to be the same in a pregnant woman as for a non
pregnant woman of a similar age. The prognosis for women with viral
pneumonia in pregnancy, on the other hand, is significantly worse.
It is important that there is a prompt diagnosis and that respiratory
support and appropriate antimicrobial or antiviral therapy is initiated as
soon as possible. Pneumonia often causes preterm labour. Therefore pregnant
women with pneumonia should be monitored closely for this and appropriate
steps taken if preterm labour starts.
Although no
congenital<http://www.healthcarea2z.org/pageRedir.aspx/580/#congenital>syndrome
has yet been attributed to the presence of pneumonia during
pregnancy, it is possible that the fever, fast breathing rate and low blood
oxygen levels associated with acute pneumonia may be harmful to the
developing baby.
*The newborn baby*
There are a number of infections that a newborn baby can contract that cause
symptoms of respiratory distress, such as infection with some chlamydia
species. These may be transmitted from the mother to the baby during birth.
All babies presenting with symptoms of respiratory distress should be
treated for infection until there is proof that no infection is present.
Pneumonia itself is difficult to diagnose in the newborn baby due to the
difficulty of obtaining secretions. Pneumonia that is apparent before the
baby is 48 hours old has usually been acquired during or before birth. An
infection after that time is usually attributable to the baby's environment
(for example, the hospital ward). All newborn babies with an infection may
need antibiotics, and the length of their treatment and stay in a neonatal
ward is dependent on the nature and severity of the infection, the symptoms
and the treatment they have been given.
On 1/12/09, e...@sakafarma.com <e...@sakafarma.com> wrote:
>
> katanya sih nggak mbak...malah baru dapet kabar..nafas yang seharusnya 20
> ( kalo diukur pake alat ) menjadi 80...waduh..
>
>
>
>
> "Lif Rahayu" <lifrah...@gmail.com>
> 01/12/2009 03:10 PM
> Please respond to
> balita-anda@balita-anda.com
>
>
> To
> balita-anda@balita-anda.com
> cc
>
> Subject
> Re: [balita-anda] infeksi paru-paru
>
>
>
>
>
>
> Hmmm, udah nelen air ketuban? Biasanya begitu. Gak dijelasin infeksinya
> kenapa? SOL.
>
> On 1/12/09, e...@sakafarma.com <e...@sakafarma.com> wrote:
> >
> > Dear parents,
> >
> > Beberapa hari yang lalu teman melahirkan caesar, kayaknya sih kurang
> dari
> > 9 bulan deh...just info ini kelahiran yang ketiga dan riwayat kelahiran
> > sebelumnya juga caesar dimana jarak anak ke-2 dan ke-3 tidak terlalu
> jauh
> > hanya +/- 1 tahun dan kebetulan si ibu juga punya asma akut. Nah
> ternyata
> > sekarang si bebi kudu masuk ruang iccu karena di duga terkena infeksi
> > paru2.
> > Menurut parents kenapa ya bisa kejadian kayak begini? please sharingnya
> > donk...
> >
> > rgds,
> >
> > erna
>
>
