-Caveat Lector-

http://www.latimes.com/news/politics/la-na-budget17sep17,1,6085724.story?coll=la
-home-headlines

Federal Budget Disaster Seen, but Won't Be Heard
By Janet Hook
Times Staff Writer

September 17, 2003

WASHINGTON - Something remarkable will happen here today. A senior congressional
figure will declare the federal budget, in effect, a disaster area - and
official Washington will probably react with a shrug.

Even though the government is on track to run a record deficit in excess of $500
billion next year, neither President Bush nor congressional leaders have
proposed doing anything to balance the budget anytime soon. Their strategy: to
wait for a vigorous economy to do the job for them.

That makes David M. Walker, head of the General Accounting Office, Congress'
investigative arm, a rare Cassandra. He is giving a speech today warning that
the nation's long-term fiscal outlook is seriously out of whack. And he
challenges the assumption that economic recovery will solve the problem
painlessly.

"We need a wake-up call," Walker said in an interview. "We need to come to terms
with reality: The gap is too great to grow our way out of the problem. Tough
choices will be required."

His is a lonely voice on Capitol Hill, where deficit-expanding initiatives are
growing like crabgrass, unchecked amid new budget demands for the war on
terrorism and the reconstruction of Iraq.

Bush and lawmakers from both parties continue to press for a $400-billion,
10-year expansion of Medicare to provide prescription drug benefits. House
Republicans are pushing yet another round of tax cuts - this time for big
business, at a cost of more than $100 billion over 10 years. And even as Bush
asks for $87 billion more for military and reconstruction efforts in Iraq and
Afghanistan, there seems to be little appetite in Congress for offsetting cuts
in domestic spending.

"This is truly a Lyndon Johnson guns-and-butter fiscal policy," said Daniel J.
Mitchell, a senior fellow at the Heritage Foundation, a conservative think tank.

Democrats - both in Congress and on the presidential campaign trail - have tried
to spotlight the deficit as an emblem of the failure of Bush's fiscal policy. It
has given new impetus to Democratic proposals to repeal all or part of the 2001
tax cut. Some congressional Democrats are considering a proposal to help cover
Iraq costs by raising taxes on the wealthiest taxpayers.

"The deficit is an easy-to-understand symbol that things are being mismanaged,"
said David Sirota, spokesman for the Center for American Progress, a liberal
research group. "It should reopen the entire debate on whether we should
continue cutting taxes for the wealthy."

But the Democratic Party is deeply divided over whether or how far to raise
taxes. And with their own big spending plans for Medicare, education and other
domestic priorities, Democrats also lack a clear program for getting the budget
back into balance. Missing from the presidential field is an H. Ross Perot,
whose 1992 maverick campaign made budget balancing the cornerstone of his
challenge to the Washington establishment.

"Nobody is prepared to make any trade-offs," said Robert Bixby, executive
director of the Concord Coalition, a budget watchdog group. "No one is prepared
to give up anything important to them to bring the budget under control."

The deficit has cast an increasingly long shadow over Congress with each upward
revision. In August, the Congressional Budget Office said the deficit in 2004
would reach $480 billion - and that did not include the cost of the conflict in
Iraq or pending legislation to expand Medicare. Now, in light of its Iraq budget
request, the administration projects that next year's deficit will reach at
least $525 billion.

It seems certain that Congress will approve at least the $87 billion Bush has
requested. The bigger question is whether that will boost the deficit so high
that lawmakers will reassess other parts of the budget or change their
legislative ways.

Sen. Olympia J. Snowe (R-Maine), who voted against Bush's tax cut last spring
because she was concerned about the deficit, said she thought the budget was
putting new pressure on lawmakers to propose offsetting spending cuts when they
propose increases - as she plans to when she pushes for more child-care funding
in a welfare bill soon to come before the Senate.

"The deficit is now back on everyone's radar screen," Snowe said. "On the
spending side, we have to make some choices."

But Snowe herself demonstrates why it will be so hard to reverse the current
trend. Even though she says she is an adamant foe of deficits, Snowe still wants
to go ahead with the $400-billion Medicare drug benefit. "Medicare is an
exception and it should be," she said.

Bush and other politicians argue that running a deficit is justified at a time
of military conflict abroad and economic downturn at home. His administration's
stated goal has been to cut the deficit in half in five years. Rather than
propose tax increases or big spending cuts, he is counting on economic growth to
increase government revenue and reduce the red ink.

Bush and his Republican allies argue that tax cuts will help reduce the deficit,
not increase it, because they spur the economic growth that will generate new
revenue. That is why House Republicans are still plowing ahead with plans this
week to pass another $12.5-billion tax cut to encourage charitable giving. A
bigger test will come this fall when Congress debates a big-business tax break
later this fall. A version drafted by House Ways and Means Chairman Bill Thomas
(R-Bakersfield) would cost $127 billion over 10 years.

"When you give people their money back, they grow the economy much better than
the government does," said House Majority Whip Roy Blunt (R-Mo.). "The way to
move out of deficit is to grow the economy."

Walker and other analysts argue, however, that economic growth alone will not
bring the budget back into the black. They say that will require aggressive
anti-deficit initiatives on a par with those launched in the 1980s and 1990s.

A 1985 law, for example, set up a mechanism to make automatic spending cuts if
Congress missed specified annual deficit targets. In 1990, a tax hike was passed
with the support of President George H. W. Bush, the current president's father.

In 1993, President Clinton and Congress passed a package of tax increases and
spending cuts. In 1997, Congress passed a budget-balancing plan that included
politically painful reductions in the growth of Medicare spending.

Now, however, any tax hike is anathema to a Republican Party that has turned
into a bastion of tax cut enthusiasts in the decade since the elder Bush left
office.

On the other hand, according to a study by the libertarian Cato Institute, the
current president's first three annual budgets increased outlays by 15.6% -
compared with 6.8% in President Reagan's first three budgets.
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Copyright 2003 Los Angeles Times

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