-Caveat Lector-
As you know, the Van Allen radiation belts are doughnut-shaped regions
encircling Earth and containing high-energy electrons and ions trapped
in the Earth's magnetic field. Explorer I, launched by NASA in 1958,
discovered these two regions of intense radiation surrounding the Earth.
They are referred to as the inner and outer Van Allen radiation belts, after
James Van Allen who designed Explorer I. The inner region is centered
at about 3000 km above Earth and has a thickness of about 5000 km. The outer
region is centered at about 15,000 -- 20,000 km above the surface
of the Earth and has a thickness of 6,000 -- 10,000 km.
Typically, manned space flight (such as the Shuttle) stays well below the
altitude of the van Allen radiation belts. Safe flight can occur below
altitudes of 400 km or so.
SO ...what do we do when we have to fly through the radiation belts -- like
when we went to the Moon or send probes to other planets?
In the 1960s, NASA asked Oak Ridge National Laboratory to predict how
astronauts and other materials would be affected by exposure to both
the Earth's Van Allen radiation belts and the Sun's radiation. Oak Ridge
biologists sent bacteria and blood samples into space and exposed small
animals to radiation. They concluded that proper shielding would be key to
successful flight not only for living organisms, but for electronic
instrumentation as well. To develop shielding for the Apollo crews, Oak
Ridge researchers recycled the Lab's Tower Shielding Facility, which had
hoisted shielding experiments aloft for the 1950's nuclear-plane project.
Regards,
Laura Whitlock
for Ask a High-Energy Astronomer
--
>
> The moon is almost 300,000 miles above the earth's surface. Two Van Allen
> belts located 300 and 2,000 miles above earth protect us from deadly
> radiation. The tremendous solar and cosmic radiation encountered in the Van
> Allen Belt, temperature control and other problems connected with space
> travel prevent living organisms leaving our atmosphere. NASA faked the
> Apollo moon landings. No man has been higher than 300 miles above Earth's
> surface, orbited or landed on the moon. Certainly not with any technology
> Americans claim to have used. (This is interesting, and you had better pay
> attention. Is this absolutely true? Probably. - David)
>
> If you doubt this, explain how the astronauts walked on the moon's surface
> enclosed in a space suit in full sunlight absorbing a constant 265 degrees
> F. NASA tell us the moon has no atmosphere and that the astronauts were
> surrounded by the vacuum of space. In this case they couldn't have walked,
> and the footprints which were photographed could not form on the moon's
> surface where gravity is so weak and the atmosphere so thin.
>
> Most, if not all, of the photos, films and videotape of the Apollo Moon
> Missions are easily proven false. Their psychological effect, however, is
> very real, and intended to establish in people's minds that if man can
> travel to the moon, alien creatures can reach our earth. The moon landing
> was a psy-op by those lovely people who brought us Pearl Harbor, the fire
> bombing of civilians in Dresden, atomic bombing of Japan, Nazism,
> Communism, the Federal Reserve, IMF, UN, and that little-known real
> holocaust of over two million German soldiers murdered by American Jewish
> "revenge" (for what?) regiments in the two years AFTER World War II. (David
> Irving, NUREMBERG: The Last Battle, Focal Point Publications, London 1996;
> James Bacque, Crimes and Mercies: The Fate of German Civilians Under Allied
> Occupation, 1944-1950, Warner Books). (I have spoken previously about the
> death of a million or more German POWs after World War II while under the
> care of Eisenhower. - David)
> [snip]
> -------------------------------------------------------------------------
> -------------------------------------------------------------------------
-Ketan Michael Vakil
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI)
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://kmvplace.simplenet.com/new
Ph : 518.276.7573 | Fx : 413.228.6214
IM : KetanMV | KetanMVPowerbook | ICQ : 5047694
- "The future is no place to place your better days"
-" Evil Pokemon Slave Trade must come to an end!"
>
>
>
>
> ..
>
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DECLARATION & DISCLAIMER
==========
CTRL is a discussion and informational exchange list. Proselyzting propagandic
screeds are not allowed. Substance—not soapboxing! These are sordid matters
and 'conspiracy theory', with its many half-truths, misdirections and outright
frauds is used politically by different groups with major and minor effects
spread throughout the spectrum of time and thought. That being said, CTRL
gives no endorsement to the validity of posts, and always suggests to readers;
be wary of what you read. CTRL gives no credeence to Holocaust denial and
nazi's need not apply.
Let us please be civil and as always, Caveat Lector.
========================================================================
Archives Available at:
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