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ARMS TRAFFIC TO COLUMBIA WORRYING COSTA RICAN OFFICIALS.
By Tim Rogers©  Tico Times Staff 9/22/00
While the U.S. "War on Drugs" continues to draw extensive media coverage
throughout the Americas, here in Costa Rica, cocaine is not the only
lucrative contraband being smuggled across the borders.
In the last two weeks, Panamanian officials have discovered two large illegal
weapons shipments that reportedly originated in Nicaragua and passed through
Costa Rica before being confiscated en route to the Revolutionary Armed
Forces of Colombia (FARC).
Totaling more than 3,000 lbs. of military explosives, 300 AK-47 assault
rifles, 318 grenade launchers, and more than 100,000 rounds of ammunition,
the Cold War relics are reported to have passed from Nicaragua to Panama
hidden in vegetable trucks — a fact that is worrying Costa Rican officials.
According to a report in the daily La Nación, Minister of Public Security
Rogelio Ramos met with members of the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration
(DEA) last Thursday to ask for help in curbing the illegal flow of weapons
through Costa Rica.
"We agreed to share all of our proposals with the U.S. to see how they can
help us combat the problem [of weapons trafficking]," Ramos told La Nación.
According to Ramos, the U.S. government shares an interest in combating arms
traffic and will most likely supply the aid Costa Rica needs to fight the
flow of contraband. However, when asked by The Tico Times about the meeting
with Ramos, the DEA denied that it ever took place.
"Sometimes the local press gets confused about what functions are attributed
to different agencies within the U.S. government," Vance Stacy, Country
Attaché of the DEA in Costa Rica, told The Tico Times. "The DEA sometimes
gets credited [in the press] with doing everything."
Stacy went on to clarify that the DEA’s mission in Costa Rica is to work
closely with the government to advise, train, and mentor law enforcement
agents in combating the trafficking of narcotics across national territory.
Through the use of wiretapping, controlling the export of precursor chemicals
(legal substances used to process cocaine and other illicit drugs),
controlling border checkpoints, monitoring overland transportation routs, and
initiating drug prevention programs, the 27-year-old relationship between the
DEA and the Costa Rican government has been both positive and successful,
according to Stacy.
Regardless of which agency of the U.S. government Ramos actually approached
for help, arms trafficking through Costa Rica is becoming an issue of serious
concern to the government.
In response to the recent discoveries of weapons caches in Panama, Ramos met
early this week with the director of the Judicial Investigation Police (OIJ),
representatives from the Attorney General’s office, and members of the
Department of Intelligence and Security (DIS) to come up with ways to combat
illegal arms-trafficking. The functionaries discussed ways to tighten border
controls and increase efforts to monitor the Inter-American Highway for
weapons shipments.
According to an investigative report last July by La Nación, an AK-47 assault
rifle from Nicaragua can be sold for $50 to $100 in Costa Rica, resold for
$300 to $700 in Panama, then sold again for $2,000 to the FARC in Colombia.
However, not all the weapons smuggled south may be Cold War relics
originating in Nicaragua and El Salvador. Although Costa Rica was not
directly involved in the wars in Nicaragua and El Salvador, a 1981
investigation headed by the Legislative Assembly found that several
high-ranking government officials were involved in large-scale clandestine
weapons trafficking from Cuba to Costa Rica during the late 1970s and early
1980s.
In response to a threat of invasion in 1979 by the forces of Anastasio
Somoza, then-dictator of Nicaragua, Costa Rica scrambled to borrow weapons
from Venezuela and Panama. However, in addition to the weapons on loan from
the two "friendly" countries, it was later discovered that Costa Rican
President Rodrigo Carazo and former Minister of Security Juan José Echeverría
had masterminded a clandestine air bridge operation which supplied tons of
Cuban war material to both the Sandinista rebels in Nicaragua and to Costa
Rican security forces.
According to testimony given by Guillermo Martí, the former security official
responsible for receiving the secret arms shipments in Costa Rica, more than
300,000 lbs. of weapons were siphoned off by ranking members of Costa Rica’s
security forces during the operation (TT, Jan. 30, 1981).
While many of the weapons borrowed from Panama and Venezuela were returned to
the respective countries after the threat of invasion passed, an unknown
number of weapons trafficked from Cuba are thought to remain in secret caches
in the north of Costa Rica.
Although the government officials involved in the arms shipments claimed that
all the weapons that arrived from Cuba were inventoried and accounted for,
official reports suggested otherwise.
According to a 1981 audit compiled by the office of the Comptroller General,
2,018 weapons were missing from the nation’s public security arsenals at the
beginning of that year (TT, Feb. 6, 1981).
Meanwhile, Colombian Police officials have alleged that a number of the arms
that are now being smuggled to the FARC are originating in Costa Rica.
Ramos was unavailable for comment this week.
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